In pictures: What is the Maha Kumbh Mela and why does it attract millions of Hindus?

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A “stampede-like situation” astatine 1 of the biggest spiritual festivals successful India, the Maha Kumbh Mela, led to aggregate casualties connected Wednesday, constabulary said.

A monolithic crowd, estimated to beryllium 100 million, had gathered for a ritual aboriginal successful the greeting erstwhile a stampede occurred, leaving dozens of pilgrims dormant and galore much injured.

Ambulances were dispatched to the country and the injured were taken to a makeshift hospital.

Pilgrims get  to instrumentality     a beatified  dip astatine  Sangam, the confluence of rivers Ganga and Yamuna, during the Maha Kumbh Mela festival successful  Prayagraj connected  29 January 2025

Pilgrims get to instrumentality a beatified dip astatine Sangam, the confluence of rivers Ganga and Yamuna, during the Maha Kumbh Mela festival successful Prayagraj connected 29 January 2025 (AFP via Getty)

What is Maha Kumbh Mela?

The Maha Kumbh Mela is 1 of Hinduism’s holiest festivals, held erstwhile each 12 years astatine Prayagraj successful India’s bluish authorities of Uttar Pradesh wherever the Ganga, the Yamuna and the mythical Saraswati rivers meet.

The rivers are considered beatified by Hindus and the Hindu nationalist authorities of Narendra Modi has spent millions of rupees trying to “revive” the Saraswati

A policeman escorts a devotee aft  a stampede occurred earlier  the 2nd  royal bath astatine  the Maha Kumbh Mela

A policeman escorts a devotee aft a stampede occurred earlier the 2nd royal bath astatine the Maha Kumbh Mela (Reuters)

The confluence of the rivers is called Sangam and a “holy dip” successful the waters is regarded arsenic 1 of the festival’s main rituals.

A antheral   stands successful  beforehand   of a poster featuring India’s premier  curate  Narendra Modi and Uttar Pradesh main  curate  Adityanath connected  the eve of the commencement  of the Maha Kumbh Mela festival successful  Prayagraj connected  12 January 2025

A antheral stands successful beforehand of a poster featuring India’s premier curate Narendra Modi and Uttar Pradesh main curate Adityanath connected the eve of the commencement of the Maha Kumbh Mela festival successful Prayagraj connected 12 January 2025 (AFP via Getty)

The dip, called Shahi Snan oregon royal bath, attracts millions of devotees and is led by Hindu priests and ascetics.

Pilgrims stitchery  connected  a floating pontoon span  adjacent   the tract  of a stampede astatine  the ongoing Maha Kumbh Mela festival successful  Prayagraj connected  29 January 2025. To accommodate the influx of millions of pilgrims, the authorities  of Uttar Pradesh constructed a impermanent  metropolis  on  the banks of the Ganga, implicit   with tents, toilets, streets, pontoon bridges, and discarded  absorption   systems.

Pilgrims stitchery connected a floating pontoon span adjacent the tract of a stampede astatine the ongoing Maha Kumbh Mela festival successful Prayagraj connected 29 January 2025. To accommodate the influx of millions of pilgrims, the authorities of Uttar Pradesh constructed a impermanent metropolis on the banks of the Ganga, implicit with tents, toilets, streets, pontoon bridges, and discarded absorption systems. (AFP via Getty)

The beatified dip is expected to pb to spiritual purification and moksha, or salvation.

Pilgrims astatine  the tract  of a stampede during the ongoing Maha Kumbh Mela. Hindu priests and ascetics pb  the Shahi Snan, oregon  royal bath, which is the festival’s item   attracting millions of devotees

Pilgrims astatine the tract of a stampede during the ongoing Maha Kumbh Mela. Hindu priests and ascetics pb the Shahi Snan, oregon royal bath, which is the festival’s item attracting millions of devotees (AFP via Getty)

Kumbh Mela and Ardh Kumbh Mela

In opposition to the Maha Kumbh Mela, the Kumbh Mela occurs each 3 years, rotating among 4 locations – Haridwar successful bluish Uttarakhand state, Ujjain successful cardinal Madhya Pradesh state, Nashik successful occidental Maharashtra state, and Prayagraj. The Ardh Kumbh Mela takes spot each six years successful Haridwar and Prayagraj.

A policeman makes an announcement to modulate  the travel  of pilgrims astatine  Sangam connected  the juncture  of ‘Mauni Amavasya’ during the Maha Kumbh Mela festival successful  Prayagraj connected  29 January 2025

A policeman makes an announcement to modulate the travel of pilgrims astatine Sangam connected the juncture of ‘Mauni Amavasya’ during the Maha Kumbh Mela festival successful Prayagraj connected 29 January 2025 (AFP via Getty)

Prayagraj was earlier known arsenic Allahabad. The sanction was changed by Adityanath’s Hindu nationalist authorities authorities successful 2018.

Security guards assistance   a pistillate   injured successful  a stampede during the Maha Kumbh Mela successful  Prayagraj

Security guards assistance a pistillate injured successful a stampede during the Maha Kumbh Mela successful Prayagraj (AP)

The 2025 Maha Kumbh Mela, moving from 13 January to 26 February, is expected to gully astir 400 cardinal pilgrims, making it 1 of the largest spiritual gatherings successful the world.

A outer  representation  taken and published by Maxar Technologies connected  17 January 2025 shows an overview of the Maha Kumbh Mela on  the banks of Sangam, the confluence of Ganga, Yamuna and mythical Saraswati rivers, successful  Prayagraj, India

A outer representation taken and published by Maxar Technologies connected 17 January 2025 shows an overview of the Maha Kumbh Mela on the banks of Sangam, the confluence of Ganga, Yamuna and mythical Saraswati rivers, successful Prayagraj, India (Satellite representation ©2025 Maxar Tech)

Preparation for expansive spiritual festival

To accommodate and modulate the monolithic influx of pilgrims, the authorities of Uttar Pradesh constructed a impermanent metropolis on the banks of the Ganga river, implicit with tents, toilets, streets, pontoon bridges, and discarded absorption systems.

Hindu devotees transverse  a pontoon span  spanning the stream  Ganga arsenic  they get  to be  the Maha Kumbh Mela

Hindu devotees transverse a pontoon span spanning the stream Ganga arsenic they get to be the Maha Kumbh Mela (Reuters)

Managing crowds has agelong been a situation astatine the Kumbh Mela festivals. In 2013, a stampede astatine a railway presumption near 42 radical dormant and 45 injured arsenic thousands of pilgrims arrived for the festival. Since then, authorities assertion to person importantly improved information measures.

Another stampede took spot successful 2001 erstwhile thousands of devotees gathered for the “holy dip” astatine a riverbank successful Haridwar.

A Hindu ‘holy’ antheral   prepares to instrumentality     a dip successful  the ineffable  waters of Sangam, the confluence of Ganga, Yamuna and mythical Saraswati rivers, during Shahi Snan astatine  the Maha Kumbh Mela successful  Prayagraj connected  14 January 2025

A Hindu ‘holy’ antheral prepares to instrumentality a dip successful the ineffable waters of Sangam, the confluence of Ganga, Yamuna and mythical Saraswati rivers, during Shahi Snan astatine the Maha Kumbh Mela successful Prayagraj connected 14 January 2025 (AFP via Getty)

This year, the Uttar Pradesh authorities deployed precocious exertion to way assemblage movements, allowing constabulary to modulate the travel of radical much effectively.

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