UPSC Essentials | Daily subject-wise quiz : Environment, Geography, Sci-Tech MCQs on Miombo forests, gravitational waves and more (Week 83)

Statement 1: Over a 3rd of the world’s histrion taxon are threatened with extinction successful the wild, surpassing the combined menace levels faced by birds, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians.

Statement 2: The superior threats see onshore clearing for agriculture, logging, pests, and diseases, which are particularly prevalent successful temperate regions.

Which 1 of the pursuing is close successful respect of the supra statements?

(a) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are close and Statement 2 is the close mentation for Statement 1.

(b) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are close and Statement 2 is not the close mentation for Statement 1.

(c) Statement 1 is close but Statement 2 is incorrect.

(d) Statement 1 is incorrect but Statement 2 is correct.

Explanation

— A new planetary appraisal reveals that implicit a 3rd of the world’s histrion taxon are threatened with extinction successful the wild, surpassing the combined menace levels faced by birds, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians. Hence, connection 1 is correct.

— Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) provided this disturbing update during the UN biodiversity summit, COP 16, successful Cali, Colombia.

— More than 1,000 scientists contributed to the survey, which revealed that 38% of histrion taxon are endangered.

— According to Emily Beech of BGCI, the biggest menace to trees astir the satellite see onshore clearing for agriculture, logging, pests, and diseases, which are peculiarly salient successful temperate regions. Hence, connection 2 is correct.

— Iconic taxon specified arsenic magnolias, oaks, maples, and ebonies are among the astir endangered, indicating a worldwide biodiversity catastrophe affecting full ecosystems.

Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are close and Statement 2 is the close mentation for Statement 1.

Therefore, enactment (a) is the close answer.

QUESTION 2

A deficiency of vitamin B9 tin pb to:

1. Anaemia

2. Shortness of breath

3. Cardiovascular diseases and strokes

4. Digestive problems

Select the close reply utilizing the codes fixed below:

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2, 3 and 4

(c) 1, 3 and 4

(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Explanation

— A deficiency of vitamin B9 tin pb to assorted wellness issues and complications.

— It is besides known arsenic folate oregon folic, this vitamin plays a pivotal relation successful DNA synthesis, compartment division, and one’s full well-being.

— It mightiness effect successful weariness, irritation, and digestive issues. In addition, vitamin B9 promotes temper stableness and cognitive performance.

— In terrible situations, a vitamin B9 deficiency tin origin anaemia, characterised by a alteration successful reddish humor cells and symptoms specified arsenic shortness of enactment and dizziness.

— Vitamin B9 is besides required for the body’s quality to make reddish humor cells and for mean neurological function. B9 deficiency is besides linked to cardiovascular illnesses including strokes, which are known to summation mortality and morbidity rates.

Therefore, enactment (d) is the close answer.

QUESTION 3

With notation to the gravitational waves, see the pursuing statements:

1. These are ‘ripples’ successful space-time caused by immoderate of the astir convulsive and energetic processes successful the Universe.

2. Gravitational waves are visible.

3. These waves question overmuch slower than the velocity of light.

How galore of the statements fixed supra are correct?

(a) Only one

(b) Only two

(c) All three

(d) None

Explanation

— The US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) unveiled a recently developed prototype of a scope that tin beryllium utilized to survey gravitational waves successful outer space.

— The scope was built arsenic portion of a collaborative ngo with the European Space Agency known arsenic Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA).

— The superior extremity of the LISA ngo is to probe gravitational waves by launching 3 spacecraft into Earth’s orbit and arranging them successful a triangle enactment with 1.6 cardinal miles connected each side.

— Gravitational waves are ‘ripples’ successful space-time created by immoderate of the Universe’s astir destructive and aggravated processes. Albert Einstein predicted the beingness of gravitational waves successful 1916 with his wide mentation of relativity. Hence, connection 1 is correct.

— A gravitational question is an invisble (but exceedingly fast) ripple crossed space. Gravitational waves question astatine the velocity of airy (186,000 miles/second). Hence, statements 2 and 3 are not correct.

Therefore, enactment (a) is the close answer.

(Other Source: spaceplace.nasa.gov)

QUESTION 4

Recently, a 7.0-magnitude earthquake led to the eruptions of Shiveluch Volcano. It is located in:

(a) Japan

(b) Philippines

(c) Russia

(d) China

Explanation

— A 7.0-magnitude earthquake struck disconnected the seashore of Russia’s Kamchatka Peninsula, prompting the eruption of Shiveluch, a highly progressive volcano successful the region.

— The eruption released ash plumes that soared to an altitude of 5 kilometres, starring the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruption Response Team to contented a impermanent “code red” informing for aerial traffic.

— According to the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Shiveluch volcano erupted aft the earthquake struck, spewing a monolithic ash unreality that stretched implicit 490 kilometres (304 miles) successful an easterly and southeasterly absorption from the volcano.

Therefore, enactment (c) is the close answer.

QUESTION 5

Consider the pursuing statements astir Miombo forests:

1. It is simply a biome that includes tropical and subtropical grasslands.

2. These forests are wide successful South America.

Which of the statements fixed supra is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

— The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) and the Italian Agency for Development Cooperation (AICS) person signed 2 agreements to behaviour initiatives aimed astatine safeguarding the miombo wood and enabling commercialized on Mozambique’s borderline with Zimbabwe.

— The programs purpose to beforehand sustainable improvement and practice betwixt Mozambique and Zimbabwe by expanding nutrient security, improving livelihoods, and gathering resilience to biology and economical problems.

— The Miombo biome comprises tropical and subtropical grasslands, bushlands, and savannahs. Hence, connection 1 is correct.

— Miombo woodland is simply a immense African dryland wood ecosystem spanning astir 2.7 cardinal quadrate kilometres successful southern Africa, encompassing Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Hence, connection 2 is not correct.

Therefore, enactment (a) is the close answer.

(Source: downtoearth.org.in)

Previous Daily Subject-Wise-Quiz

Daily subject-wise quiz — Polity and Governance (Week 83)

Daily Subject-wise quiz — History, Culture, and Social Issues (Week 83)

Daily subject-wise quiz — Environment, Geography, Science and Technology (Week 82)

Daily subject-wise quiz — Economy (Week 82)

Daily subject-wise quiz – International Relations (Week 82)

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