Knowledge Nugget of the day: Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)

2 hours ago 1

What are peculiarly susceptible tribal groups (PVTGs)? Also, spell beyond the nugget and link the dots with PM JANMAN scheme. Take a look astatine the indispensable concepts, terms, quotes, oregon phenomena each time and brushwood up your knowledge. Here’s your cognition nugget for today.

Bini Muduli became the archetypal from the tiny Bonda community, which the authorities considers a peculiarly susceptible tribal radical (PVTG), to wide the Odisha authorities civilian work exam. Bondas are 1 of the 13 PVTGs successful Odisha and are concentrated successful 1 portion of Malkangiri district.

1. According to the 2011 census, India has a Scheduled Tribe (ST) colonisation of 10.45 crore (8.6 per cent of the population), with 75 communities crossed 18 states and the Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands identified arsenic Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).

2. PVTGs are a sub-classification of the Scheduled Tribes (STs) oregon a conception of STs who are considered much susceptible than regular STs. The PVTG database was created by the authorities with the purpose to amended connected precedence the surviving standards of endangered tribal groups.

3. In 1960-61, the Dhebar Commission identified disparities among Scheduled Tribes, starring to the instauration of the “Primitive Tribal Groups” (PTG) category. In 2006, this class was renamed Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).

3. Initially identifying 52 groups, the class was expanded to see 75 groups successful 22,544 villages crossed 18 states and 1 Union Territory of India, totalling astir 28 lakh individuals. These groups, surviving chiefly in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu, are characterised by pre-agricultural lifestyles, debased literacy, tiny oregon stagnant populations, and subsistence economies.

Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) PVTGs colonisation by State

4. Population sizes alteration significantly, from nether 1,000 successful immoderate groups, specified arsenic the Great Andamanese (around 50) and the Onge (around 100), to implicit 1 lakh successful others, specified arsenic Maria Gond of Maharashtra and Saura successful Odisha. Some tribes successful cardinal India, similar Birhor, look stagnation, portion the Onge and Andamanese are experiencing a decline.

Bondo Tribe

The Bondo tribes reside successful the Malkangiri territory of Odisha, which shares its borderline with Andhra Pradesh connected the eastbound and southbound and Chhattisgarh connected the west. The Bondas, scattered crossed 32 distant hilltop villages successful the Eastern Ghats of Malkangiri district, are believed to person travel to India arsenic portion of the archetypal question of migration retired of Africa astir 60,000 years ago.

5. PVTGs are severely marginalised owed to their isolation, debased population, and chiseled socio-economic and taste traits. They conflict with constricted entree to basal services, societal discrimination, and vulnerability to displacement from improvement and earthy disasters. They person small governmental representation, hindering their information successful decision-making.

6. The Centre and authorities governments person introduced respective initiatives to enactment PVTGs. The PVTG Development Plan provides education, healthcare, and livelihood opportunities portion preserving accepted knowledge. The Pradhan Mantri Janjatiya Vikas Mission (PMJVM) focuses connected marketplace linkages and Minor Forest Produce (MFP) procurement astatine Minimum Support Prices.

7. Other important schemes see the Pradhan Mantri Adi Adarsh Gram Yojana, Integrated Tribal Development Project (ITDP) and Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP), which collectively purpose for the holistic improvement of tribal areas.

8. Additional measures similar Eklavya Model Residential Schools, onshore titles nether the Forest Rights Act 2006, Support to Tribal Research Institute (STRI) scheme, the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act 1989, The Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act 1996, and nonstop recruitment done reservations further assistance successful education, self-governance, and extortion against discrimination.

BEYOND THE NUGGET: PM JANMAN scheme

1. On 29th November 2023, the Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi has approved the Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN). It was launched by the Prime Minister connected the juncture of Janjatiya Gaurav Divas connected 15th November 2023 astatine Khunti, Jharkhand targeting 75 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) communities.

Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) Source: Ministry of Tribal Affairs, Govt. of India and PMO India

2. Under this umbrella scheme, 9 ministries volition instrumentality 11 interventions, including the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awas Yojana, and Jal Jeevan Mission, among others.

3. The full estimated outlay of the PM JANMAN is astir ₹ 24000 Crore (Central Share: Rs.15,336 crore and State Share: Rs. 8,768 crore).

4. It aimed astatine providing PVTG households and habitations with basal facilities specified arsenic harmless housing, cleanable drinking h2o and sanitation, improved entree to education, wellness and nutrition, roadworthy and telecom connectivity, and sustainable livelihood opportunities.

5. A nationwide Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) run was launched by the Union Ministry of Tribal Affairs to heighten the scope and effectiveness of the PM-JANMAN mission. The run ran from August 23, 2024, to September 10, 2024, with the aims to guarantee 100% saturation of authorities schemes successful Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTG) bulk areas.

Name of State/UTs	Name of the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group
Andhra Pradesh (including Telangana)	Chenchu, Bodo Gadaba, Gutob Gadaba, Dongaria Khond, Kutia Kondha, Kolam, Konda Reddi, Kondasavara, Bondo Porja, Khond Porja, Parengi Porja, Tothi
Bihar (including Jharkhand)	Asur, Birhor, Birjia, Hill Kharia, Korwa, Mal Paharia, Parhaiya, Sauria Paharia, Savara
Gujarat	Kolgha, Kathodi, Kotwalia, Padhar, Siddi
Karnataka	Jenu Kuruba, Koraga
Kerala	Cholanaikayan, Kadar, Kattunayakan, Koraga
Madhya Pradesh (including Chhattisgarh)	Abujh Maria, Baiga, Bharia, Birhor, Hill Korba, Kamar, Sahariya
Maharashtra	Katkaria /kathodi, Kolam, Maria Gond
Manipur	Maram Naga
Odisha	Chukutia Bhunjia, Birhore, Bondo, Didayi, Dongaria Khond, Juang, Kharia, Kutia Kondha, Lodha, Lanjia Saura, Mankirdia, Paudi Bhuiya, Saura
Rajasthan	Saharia
Tamil Nadu	Irular, Kattunayakan, Kota, Korumba, Paniyan, Toda
Tripura	Raing
Uttar Pradesh (including Uttrakhand)	Buksa, Raji
West Bengal	Birhor, Lodha, Totos
Andaman & Nicobar island	Great Andamanies, Jarawa, Onge, Sentinelese, Shom Pen

(Source: Ministry of Tribal Affairs)

(Source:PM Modi’s large tribal strategy today, How the PM JANMAN strategy tin assistance Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups)

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