Today, connected November 26, we people Constitution Day of India, oregon Samvidhan Divas, annually successful India to commemorate its adoption by the Constituent Assembly, establishing India arsenic a sovereign and antiauthoritarian republic.
To show India’s committedness to addressing its divers societal and taste nine portion ensuring cardinal rights and justness for each citizens, the Constituent Assembly, aft astir 3 years of deliberations and discussions, adopted the Constitution of India connected November 26, 1949, which officially came into effect connected January 26, 1950, marking India arsenic a sovereign republic.
To promote law principles among citizens, the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment declared connected November 19, 2015, that November 26 volition beryllium designated arsenic ‘Constitution Day of India.’
“The Constitution is not a specified lawyer’s document; it is simply a conveyance of life, and its tone is ever the tone of the age,” Dr B.R. Ambedkar, often referred to arsenic the main designer oregon begetter of the Indian Constitution, famously stated.
Emphasising the dynamic quality of the Indian Constitution, Ambedkar reflected the values and aspirations of nine alternatively than being a static ineligible text.
Interestingly, the Indian Constitution is the world’s longest written constitution, with 448 articles divided into 22 sections and 12 schedules.
Top 10 planetary constitutions that inspired and influenced the ideals for the Constitution of India:
The Constituent Assembly has drawn inspiration from and incorporated respective features from the constitutions of assorted countries crossed the globe. (Source: Wikipedia Commons)
| S.No |
Country |
Features Borrowed |
| 1 |
United Kingdom |
- Parliamentary signifier of government: Parliament is the ultimate legislative assemblage of India, which is built connected the beardown practice betwixt the enforcement and legislature, and allows the predetermination of the President and the Prime Minister of the country.
- Single Citizenship
- Rule of Law: It ensures that laws use arsenic to each individuals.
- Cabinet System
- Prerogative Writs: Legal procedures to enforce rights portion besides holding nationalist authorities and judicial bodies accountable for their behaviour oregon inaction.
- Parliamentary Privileges
- Bicameral Legislature: A legislature consisting of 2 houses: the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.
- Legislative Procedure
|
| 2 |
United States |
- Fundamental Rights: Entitled to each national which guarantees idiosyncratic freedoms and protections against authorities action.
- Impeachment of the President
- Judicial review: A process by which the Supreme Court and High Courts of India analyse, decide, and annul enforcement oregon legislative activities that interruption the Indian Constitution.
- Removal of Supreme Court and High Court judges
- Independence of Judiciary: The courts successful the state person been provided autarkic status, ensuring it doesn’t come under authorities oregon immoderate different influence.
- Vice-President’s Role
|
| 3 |
Soviet Union/Russia |
- Fundamental Duties: It outlines the responsibilities of citizens towards their nation.
- The ideals of Justice (social, economic, political) included successful the Preamble
|
| 4 |
Australia |
- The conception of a Concurrent List: A database of 52 items successful the Seventh Schedule; it delineates subjects connected which some cardinal and authorities legislatures tin legislate.
- Freedom of trade, commerce, and intercourse
- Provision for a associated sitting of the 2 Houses of Parliament
|
| 5 |
France |
- The conception of a Republic: A signifier of authorities wherever the caput of authorities is the president oregon different elected official.
- Ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity, integrated into the Preamble
|
| 6 |
Ireland |
- The thought of the Directive Principles of State Policy: These principles usher the authorities successful ensuring legality and procedural fairness successful argumentation formulation and legislation.
- Nomination of members to Rajya Sabha
- Election of the President
|
| 7 |
Canada |
- Quasi-federal operation with a beardown cardinal government
- Concept of residual powers: The Union Government has peculiar rights to make immoderate authorities relating to immoderate contented that is not a portion of the Concurrent List oregon State List.
- Distribution of powers betwixt Centre and State
- Centre’s powerfulness to name authorities governors
- The advisory relation of the Supreme Court: Article 143 of the Indian Constitution grants the Supreme Court advisory jurisdiction, allowing the President to question its sentiment connected immoderate instrumentality oregon information of nationalist value deemed necessary.
|
| 8 |
Japan |
- The conception of ‘Procedure Established by Law’: A authorities that has been lawfully adopted by the legislature oregon different applicable authorization is lone morganatic if the due process has been strictly followed.
|
| 9 |
Germany (Weimar) |
- Concept of Emergency provisions and suspension of Fundamental Rights during emergencies: Under Article 359, the President has the authorization to suspend cardinal rights during some interior and outer emergencies.
|
| 10 |
South Africa |
- The process for electing members to the Rajya Sabha
- Procedure for amending the Constitution: A measure aimed astatine amending the Constitution indispensable beryllium ratified by fractional of the authorities legislatures by a elemental majority, and past presented to the President for his assent aft some houses person passed the bill.
|
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Samvidhan Divas 2024: 10 planetary constitutions that inspired India's Constitution: The Constitution of India is notable for being the world’s longest-written constitution of immoderate sovereign state successful the world.
The Constituent Assembly has drawn inspiration from and incorporated respective features from the constitutions of assorted countries crossed the globe. (Source: Wikipedia Commons)
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