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Every Monday, UPSC Current Affairs Pointers successful UPSC Essentials purpose to spell beyond the headlines and supply contented applicable to your UPSC Prelims, State PCS, and different competitory examinations.
Report
— On the juncture of World Diabetes Day (14th November), published a study connected diabetes.
— According to the report, a quarter of adults surviving with diabetes globally are in India (212 cardinal of the 828 million). The different nations with the astir diabetics are China (148 million), US (42 million), Pakistan (36 million), Indonesia (25 million) and Brazil (22 million).
— The study, conducted by the NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) successful collaboration with WHO, is the archetypal planetary investigation of trends successful some diabetes rates and treatment.
Event
Despite the information that we are the astir populous federation and besides 1 of the largest economies of the world, our maritime clout has been little than expected. (Representative image)
— The Indian authorities is hosting a two-day planetary maritime league – Sagarmanthan: The Great Oceans Dialogue – successful the nationalist superior connected November 18 and 19.
— The conference, the first-ever being held successful India, is being co-hosted by the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways and Observer Research Foundation.
Environment
COP 29
— At COP29, China and India, on with different BASIC state partners Brazil and South Africa, confronted the European Union (EU) against the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) introduced past year.
— CBAM taxes definite products coming successful from different countries connected the ground of their emissions footprint successful their accumulation process. For instance, if the imported alloy was produced done a process that entailed higher emissions than the emissions standards for that merchandise successful Europe, it would beryllium taxed.
— CBAM allows industries successful Europe to stay competitory portion continuing to support precocious biology standards. It prevents these industries from relocating their accumulation to countries wherever the accumulation mightiness beryllium inexpensive owing to little strict emanation norms, a concern described arsenic c leakage. In the process, it hopes to lend to reducing planetary emissions.
— COP, oregon Conference of Parties, is the yearly gathering of the members of the UN Framework Convention connected Climate Change (UNFCCC) — an planetary agreement, signed successful 1992, that has provided a ground for clime negotiations.
— COP3 successful Kyoto, 1997: The Kyoto Protocol was adopted successful this COP. It placed obligations connected the acceptable of affluent and industrialised countries to chopped their greenhouse state emissions by assigned amounts. It did not past agelong arsenic the affluent and almighty countries were not blessed with its provisions.
— COP21 successful Paris, 2015: It led to the landmark Paris Agreement — a legally binding planetary pact to bounds planetary temperatures to beneath 2 grade Celsius, and preferably beneath 1.5 grade Celsius. The parties besides agreed to taxable their clime enactment plans, known arsenic nationally determined contributions (NDCs), by 2020.
— COP26 successful Glasgow, 2021: The Glasgow pact made a committedness to “phase down” the usage of ember (this connection was weakened from “phase out” precocious successful the negotiations) and to signifier retired “inefficient fossil substance subsidies”. This was the archetypal clip that a UN clime statement explicitly mentioned coal.
— COP28 successful Dubai, 2023: A Loss and Damage money was officially launched successful Dubai. The money is meant to supply fiscal assistance to countries struck by clime disasters.
Science and Technology
— According to the toxicology study of the 10 elephants that died astatine Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve, they had consumed a “large quantity” of kodo millet plants that were infected with a fungus. In each the pooled samples, determination was the beingness of cyclopiazonic acid.
— According to a 2023 probe paper, ‘Potential Risk of Cyclopiazonic Acid Toxicity successful Kodua Poisoning’, published successful the diary of technological and method research, kodo millet is chiefly cultivated successful dry and semi-arid regions.
— However, sometimes “environmental conditions similar outpouring and summertime onslaught arsenic being suitable for a definite benignant of poisoning which leads to greater economical harvest loss.”
— According to the paper, “CPA (cyclopiazonic acid) is 1 of the large mycotoxins associated with the kodo millet seeds causing kodo poisoning, which was archetypal recognised during the mid-eighties.”
— Ergot is simply a parasitic fungal endophyte that grows successful the receptor heads of assorted blades of grass, astir often connected kodo millet. Consumption of specified kodo grains is often recovered to origin poisoning.
Kyoto University’s Takao Doi said timber could alteration humanity to unrecorded successful space. (Photo – Irene Wang/REUTERS)
— The world’s archetypal wood-panelled outer of Japanese spacecraft named Lignosat was launched into abstraction connected November 5 to trial the reliability of timber arsenic a renewable gathering worldly for aboriginal abstraction travel.
— It is developed by Kyoto University and homebuilder Sumitomo Forestry. It arrived astatine the International Space Station (ISS) connected November 5 aboard a SpaceX Dragon cargo capsule. After a month, it volition beryllium released into orbit supra the Earth, wherever it volition stay successful orbit for six months.
— LignoSat measures conscionable 4 inches (10 centimeters) connected each side, and weighs 900 grams.
— The outer is named aft the Latin connection for wood, with panels built from a benignant of magnolia tree, utilizing a accepted Japanese crafts method without screws oregon glue to clasp it together
— Turritopsis dohrnii besides known arsenic “immortal jellyfish” was discovered by accidental successful the 1980s by 2 young scientists, Christian Sommer and Giorgio Bavestrello.
— They recovered that erstwhile big Turritopsis dohrnii jellyfish were stressed, they reverted to an earlier signifier successful their life-cycle — alternatively than die.
— Two scientists successful Norway person discovered that Turritopsis dohrnii is not the lone jellies who tin reverse improvement but comb jellies from the taxon Mnemiopsis leidyi tin besides reverse from a mature “lobate”, oregon big with lobes, to an aboriginal larval-state — besides erstwhile stressed.
Economy
— The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has retained the State Bank of India, HDFC Bank and ICICI Bank arsenic Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs).
— Some banks, owed to their size, cross-jurisdictional activities, complexity, deficiency of substitutability and interconnectedness, go systemically important. They are perceived arsenic banks that are ‘Too Big To Fail (TBTF)’ and bask definite advantages successful the backing markets.
Polity
— The ‘Animal Health Security Strengthening successful India for Pandemic Preparedness and Response’ inaugural was launched by the Union Minister of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying successful New Delhi connected October 25.
— The task was approved by the Pandemic Fund, created by G20 countries nether the Indonesian presidency successful 2022.
— The task volition enactment with the assistance of 3 implementing agencies—the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the World Bank, and the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO). It is expected to beryllium completed by August 2026.
On June 17, a full of 10 persons, including the loco aviator of a goods bid and bid manager of Kanchanjunga Express, were killed aft the Sealdah-bound rider bid from Agartala was deed by a goods bid from the rear successful West Bengal’s Darjeeling district, 11 km from New Jalpaiguri railway station. (File photo)
— Holding presumption unit to officials astatine divisional and zonal railway levels responsible, the Commissioner of Railway Safety (CRS) said that the Kanchanjunga Express-goods bid collision successful West Bengal this June was an “accident-in-waiting” owed to “lapses astatine aggregate levels” successful managing bid operations successful the lawsuit of “automatic awesome failures”, and could person been avoided.
— The railway information assemblage besides called for the implementation of the automatic bid extortion system—KAVACH—as the apical priority.
— KAVACH is an precocious Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system, designed to forestall collisions and heighten operational safety. It was earlier named arsenic Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS).
— This exertion features an physics instrumentality linked with vigor frequence recognition systems positioned astatine stations, trains and tracks. If a loco aviator inadvertently skips a reddish signal, Kavach automatically activates and controls the train’s braking systems. Additionally, the strategy detects immoderate trains approaching the aforesaid tracks, taking indispensable actions to avert collisions and alerting the loco pilot.
— The Manipur government, successful a missive to the Ministry of Home Affairs Saturday, requested the withdrawal of the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA), 1958, from areas nether the jurisdiction of six constabulary stations successful the state.
— AFSPA provides for peculiar powers for the equipped forces that tin beryllium imposed by the Centre oregon the Governor of a state, connected the authorities oregon parts of it, aft it is declared “disturbed’’ nether Section 3.
— The Act defines these arsenic areas that are “disturbed oregon unsafe information that the usage of equipped forces successful assistance of the civilian powerfulness is necessary’’. AFSPA has been utilized successful areas wherever militancy has been prevalent.
— The Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) has recovered that metropolis self-governments successful 18 states that cater to 241 cardinal residents are facing a 42 per cent spread betwixt their resources and expenditure and that lone 29 per cent of their expenditure goes towards programmatic and improvement work.
— The CAG recovered that connected average, 32 per cent of the gross of the municipality bodies was their own, with the remainder coming from the Union and authorities governments.
— Only 29 per cent of the existent expenditure of the municipality section bodies was directed towards programmatic and improvement work.
— There was an mean vacancy of 37 per cent against the sanctioned unit strength. On the different hand, municipality bodies of 16 states had constricted oregon nary powerfulness implicit recruitment.
— Urban readying and occurrence services are the slightest devolved functions by law.
International Cooperation
— The SDS programme was launched by Canada successful 2018 for faster processing of pupil visa applications.
— It was for admittance into post-secondary Designated Learning Institutions (DLI), which are colleges approved by the Canadian territorial oregon provincial authorities for hosting planetary students.
— It had strict requirements, specified arsenic paying 1 year’s tuition interest successful beforehand and providing a mandatory Guaranteed Investment Certificate (GIC) worthy $20,635 arsenic impervious of funds.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi with Russia’s President Vladimir Putin, China’s President Xi Jinping and different satellite leaders during the 16th BRICS Summit, successful Kazan, Russia, Wednesday, Oct 23, 2024. (PTI)
- BRICS- Turkey
— Turkey was offered spouse state presumption by the BRICS radical of nations.
— Turkey, a NATO member, has successful caller months voiced involvement successful joining the BRICS radical of emerging economies.
— The “partner country” class was introduced successful the precocious concluded BRICS successful Kazan.
— BRICS comprises Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Ethiopia, Iran, Egypt, and the United Arab Emirates.
— Australia has travel up with a MATES that allows talented young radical from India to enactment successful the state for immoderate time.
— According to the Department of Home Affairs of Australia, MATES gives Indian assemblage graduates and aboriginal vocation professionals a accidental to enactment successful Australia for 2 years.
— MATES has been established nether the Migration and Mobility Partnership Arrangement (MMPA) connected May 23, 2023.
— The MMPA is simply a bilateral model that supports and promotes two-way migration and mobility betwixt the 2 countries, portion addressing issues pertaining to amerciable and irregular migration.
Persons successful News
(Just FYI: Noting humanities personalities’ anniversaries immunodeficiency UPSC prep. UPSC often includes specified personalities successful questions, truthful revisiting their lives refreshes your static syllabus.)
Professor Comaralingam V Ramakrishnan with his family.
— Professor Comaralingam V Ramakrishnan, begetter of Nobel laureate Venki Ramakrishnan, died connected Friday successful Cambridge, United Kingdom. He was 98 years old.
— Prof CVR, arsenic helium was popularly known, founded the Department of Biochemistry astatine the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda (MSU), successful Vadodara successful 1955 and was its archetypal head, astatine a precise young age.
— 21-year-old Victoria Kjaer Theilvig of Denmark was crowned the 73rd Miss Universe, marking Denmark’s first-ever triumph successful the prestigious quality pageant’s history.
— Mexico’s María Fernanda Beltrán emerged arsenic the archetypal runner-up, portion Nigeria’s Cnidimma Adetshina finished arsenic the 2nd runner-up.
Former Prime Minister of Mauritius and campaigner for Alliance du Changement enactment Navin Ramgoolam casts his ballot arsenic his woman Veena Ramgoolam stands beside, astatine a polling centre during the Mauritian wide election. (REUTERS/Ally Soobye)
— Mauritius’s absorption person Navin Ramgoolam was appointed premier curate connected Tuesday, returning to the station a decennary connected aft his conjugation won a adjacent cleanable expanse of seats successful parliament successful a wide election.
— The Sarai Kale Khan Chowk successful Delhi was renamed ‘Bhagwan Birsa Munda Chowk’, with Union Home Minister Amit Shah inaugurating the tribal taste icon’s statue connected the juncture of his 150th commencement day year.
— November 15 marks the 150th commencement day of the tribal icon Birsa Munda, which is celebrated arsenic “Janjatiya Gaurav Divas” to honour the contributions of the tribal state fighters.
— He, besides known arsenic “Dharti Aba” (“Father of the Earth”), organised the “Ulgulan” oregon the Munda Rebellion against British oppression successful the precocious 1890s.
— The Odisha authorities has announced a twelvemonth of celebrations for the 125th commencement day of Dr Harekrushna Mahatab, a erstwhile Chief Minister of the authorities and towering Odia icon.
— He was a state fighter, prolific writer, and 1 of the architects of modern Odisha, who was calved connected November 21, 1899 astatine Agarapada successful Bhadrak territory (then Balasore district).
— He served arsenic the past Prime Minister of Odisha from 1946 to 1950, and past arsenic Chief Minister from 1956 to 1961.
— The Prajatantra, a paper founded by him successful 1923, continues to beryllium published to this day.
“Educationists should physique the capacities of the tone of inquiry, creativity, entrepreneurial and motivation enactment among students and go their relation model.” – Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (Express archive photo)
— November 11 is observed arsenic National Education Day, to commemorate the commencement day of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad.
— He was the archetypal acquisition curate of autarkic India. He served arsenic the acquisition curate from August 15, 1947 to February 2, 1958 and passed distant successful Delhi connected February 22, 1958.
— Maulana Azad was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna successful 1992.
Places successful News
(Just FYI: The determination of the spot is important, considering that UPSC has asked respective questions astir places that were successful the news, specified arsenic Aleppo and Kirkuk, successful the 2018 UPSC Prelims. The champion mode to retrieve them is to crippled them connected a satellite map.)
— At slightest 26 radical were killed, and implicit 60 injured aft an detonation tore done astatine the Quetta railway presumption successful Pakistan’s Balochistan.
— The sanction Quetta is simply a saltation of kwatkot, a Pashto connection meaning “fort,” and locally, it is known by its past sanction of Shāl oregon Shālkot.
Awards
Samantha Harvey poses with the trophy and her publication “Orbital” aft winning the Booker Prize grant 2024. (AP Photo/Alberto Pezzali)
— British writer Samantha Harvey won the Booker Prize for fabrication connected Tuesday with “Orbital,” a short, wonder-filled caller acceptable aboard the International Space Station that ponders the quality and fragility of Earth.
— Harvey is the archetypal pistillate Booker victor since 2019.
— The prize is unfastened to English-language writers of immoderate nationality and has a estimation for transforming writers’ careers. Previous winners see Ian McEwan, Margaret Atwood, Salman Rushdie and Hilary Mantel.
Sports
(Just FYI: With the unpredictability of the UPSC examinations and questions similar the ICC World Test Championship question 2021, you can’t beryllium definite of anything. It is omniscient to cognize what it is and not spell into excessively overmuch detail.)
- FIH Hockey Stars Awards 2024
— The skipper of the Indian men’s hockey squad Harmanpreet Singh, who led the state to its 2nd successive bronze medal astatine the Paris Olympics, won the FIH Player of the Year grant for 2024 in Oman.
— PR Sreejesh, who retired from the crippled aft winning his 2nd Olympic medal, won the Goalkeeper of the Year award.
Miscellaneous
— As Donald Trump returns to the White House, societal media successful the US is seeing the emergence of the ‘4B’ movement, wherever women curse disconnected enactment and matrimony with men to protestation patriarchal and often misogynist institutions and practices.
— 4B stands for 4 bis, oregon nary successful the Korean language: bihon, bichulsan, biyeonae, and bisekseu, meaning the refusal of (heterosexual) marriage, childbirth, romance, and intersexual relationships, respectively.
— The 4B question belongs to the strain of extremist feminism that believes that heterosexual relationships astatine their bosom stay structures of oppression, and women request to interruption escaped of them to beryllium genuinely autarkic and happy.
Test Your Knowledge
(Note: The champion mode to retrieve facts for UPSC and different competitory exams is to callback them done MCQs. Try to lick the pursuing questions connected your own.)
A. Loss and Damaged Fund has been operationalised successful which of the pursuing COP?
(a) COP 19
(b) COP 21
(c) COP 24
(d) COP 28
B. With notation to the past of India, ‘Ulgulan’ oregon ‘the Great Tumult’ is led by?
(a) Bakshi Jagabandhu
(b) Alluri Sitaramaraju
(c) Sidhu & Kanhu Murmu
(d) Birsa Munda
C. Consider the pursuing banks:
1. ICICI
2. BOB
3. HDFC
4. PNB
5. SBI
Which of the pursuing banks are designated arsenic Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs)?
(a) 1, 2 and 5
(b) 1, 3 and 5
(c) 2, 4 and 5
(d) 2, 3 and 4
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🚨 The Indian Express UPSC Essentials brings to you the October contented of its monthly magazine. Click Here to read. Share your views and suggestions successful the remark container oregon astatine manas.srivastava@indianexpress.com🚨
For your answers, queries and suggestions constitute astatine Khushboo Kumari
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