UPSC Essentials | Daily subject-wise quiz : Environment, Geography, Sci-Tech MCQs on Pantanal wetlands, Venus, CFAF and more (Week 77)

(a) It has an highly precocious aboveground somesthesia of astir 462 grade Celsius, hotter than Mercury.

(b) The atmospheric unit connected Venus is overmuch little than connected Earth.

(c) Most of the ambiance of Venus is made up of c dioxide.

(d) India has approved its archetypal ngo to Venus to beryllium launched successful March 2028.

Explanation

— The Union Cabinet past week approved India’s archetypal ngo to Venus that ISRO aims to motorboat successful March 2028. This is the country’s 2nd interplanetary ngo aft the Mars Orbiter Mission launched successful 2013.

— The ngo volition transportation technological instruments from India and overseas to analyse the aboveground and sub-surface of Venus, its atmosphere, its ionosphere, and its enactment with the Sun.

About Venus

— Venus is often called Earth’s duplicate due to the fact that it is akin successful mass, density, and size. Therefore, studying Venus whitethorn connection scientists clues astir the improvement of Earth.

— Venus has an highly precocious aboveground somesthesia of astir 462 grade Celsius, adjacent hotter than Mercury.

— The atmospheric unit connected Venus is overmuch higher than connected Earth. It is astir akin to the unit felt underneath the oceans connected Earth.

— Around 96.5 per cent of the ambiance of Venus is made up of c dioxide and determination are sulphuric acerb clouds connected the planet.

— Venus rotates precise dilatory connected its axis arsenic compared to Earth. One rotation of Venus lasts astir 243 Earth days.

— There person been respective missions to Venus successful the past by the United States, the erstwhile USSR, Japan, and a collaborative ngo of the European Space Agency (ESA) with Japan.

Therefore, enactment (b) is the close answer.

QUESTION 2

With notation to the dengue, see the pursuing statements:

1. It is simply a viral corruption which is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito.

2. It is the lone infectious illness for which yearly mortality is rising.

3. The WHO recommends Sanofi’s Dengvaxia vaccine for dengue, but it has not received support successful India.

How galore of the statements fixed supra are correct?

(a) Only one

(b) Only two

(c) All three

(d) None

Explanation

— As cities crossed India study a surge successful dengue cases, a grounds fig of cases person been reported astir the satellite this twelvemonth with Brazil and different South American countries worst affected.

— Dengue is a viral corruption which is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Most radical with the corruption study mild symptoms, but the illness is known to origin fever, terrible headache, musculus and associated pains, nausea and vomiting, symptom down the eyes, and rashes. Hence, connection 1 is correct.

— Over the past 2 decades, determination has been a “tenfold summation successful reported cases” an editorial by The Lancet said, adding that “even this fig is apt an underestimate”. This makes dengue the “only infectious illness for which yearly mortality is rising”. Hence, connection 2 is correct.

— Several cities person reported a surge successful dengue cases implicit the past 2 months. More than 32,000 cases and 32 deaths attributable to dengue were reported till June end, according to the latest disposable information from the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme.

— The Lancet editorial identifies “the triad of urbanisation, clime change, and the question of radical and goods” arsenic facilitating the dispersed of dengue, and its mosquito vector.

Rise successful dengue cases from 2015 to present.

— The WHO recommends 2 vaccines: Sanofi’s Dengvaxia and Takeda’s QDenga. However, these person not received support successful India. Hence, connection 3 is correct.

Therefore, enactment (c) is the close answer.

QUESTION 3

The Cerrado, which is the world’s astir biodiverse savanna and the Pantanal wetlands person been severely affected owed to fires successful the region. These regions are located in:

(a) South American region

(b) North American region

(c) Western Europe

(d) South-east Asia

Explanation

— South America is witnessing its worst wood occurrence play successful astir 2 decades, breaking a erstwhile grounds for the fig of blazes seen successful a year.

— Satellite information assessed by Brazil’s abstraction probe organisation INPE person identified 346,112 occurrence hotspots successful each 13 South American countries this year.

— Brazil, the continent’s largest country, has been affected the worst, accounting for 60% of the region’s existent fires.

— According to Grist magazine, 3 of the world’s six largest ecosystems—the Amazon, the Cerrado (the world’s astir biodiverse savanna), and the Pantanal wetlands—have been severely impacted.

— According to INPE data, Bolivia had the astir fires this month, trailing lone Brazil. More than 3.8 cardinal hectares of the country’s woods and grasslands had been affected arsenic of September 13. Bolivia is followed by Paraguay, Argentina, and Peru.

Therefore, enactment (a) is the close answer.

QUESTION 4

With notation to the Climate Finance Action Fund (CFAF), see the pursuing statements:

1. 75 per cent of the money volition beryllium directed towards clime projects successful processing countries.

2. CFAF seeks “binding” contributions from fossil-fuel producing countries and companies.

3. It is formed arsenic portion of the COP29 enactment docket to heighten ambition and alteration action.

Which of the statements fixed supra is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 only

(c) 3 only

(d) 2 and 3 only

Explanation

— The CFAF is portion of a ample bundle of proposals that Azerbaijan has prepared for inclusion successful the last result of COP29 (29th variation of the Conference of Parties to the UN Framework Convention connected Climate Change), which is to beryllium held successful the country’s capital, Baku, from November 11 to 22. Hence, connection 3 is correct.

— The Climate Finance Action Fund (CFAF) would question “voluntary” contributions from fossil-fuel producing countries and businesses, with Azerbaijan, a petroleum country, making the archetypal payment. Hence, connection 2 is not correct.

— The main extremity of COP29 is to get an statement connected clime financing, including the magnitude of wealth that wealthier countries indispensable rise successful the post-2025 play to assistance the processing satellite successful combating clime change.

— CFAF volition service arsenic a catalyst for public-private partnerships, activating the backstage assemblage and reducing concern risk. It volition supply off-take statement guarantees to tiny and medium-sized renewable vigor providers, arsenic good arsenic first-loss concern for greenish concern projects.

Distribution of fund

— Fifty per cent of the fund volition beryllium enactment towards clime projects successful processing countries that necessitate assistance, including mitigation, adaptation, and probe and development. Hence, connection 1 is not correct.

— Fifty per cent of the contributions volition beryllium utilized to assistance members successful gathering the adjacent procreation of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to support the 1.5C somesthesia people wrong reach.

Therefore, enactment (c) is the close answer.

(Other Source: cop29.az)

QUESTION 5

Consider the pursuing statements astir Storm Shadow Missiles:

1. They person a question scope of 250 kilometres.

2. It is simply a cruise rocket developed by Israel.

Which of the statements fixed supra is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

— Storm Shadow missiles are becoming important for Ukraine arsenic it faces regular attacks from Russia. The US and UK are considering lifting restrictions that halt Ukraine from utilizing these missiles against targets wrong Russia.

— Storm Shadow is simply a cruise rocket developed by the UK and France. Hence, connection 2 is not correct.

— It tin question up to 250 kilometres (155 miles) and is designed to destruct pugnacious targets similar bunkers and ammunition storage. Hence, connection 1 is correct.

— Ukraine already has these missiles but tin lone usage them wrong its ain borders. Kyiv wants support to usage them against Russian bases that motorboat attacks connected Ukraine.

— Ukraine believes Storm Shadow missiles, and perchance US-made ATACMS missiles, which person an adjacent longer range, could assistance halt these attacks.

Therefore, enactment (a) is the close answer.

Previous Daily Subject-Wise-Quiz

Daily subject-wise quiz — Polity and Governance (Week 77)

Daily Subject-wise quiz — History, Culture, and Social Issues (Week 77)

Daily subject-wise quiz — Environment, Geography, Science and Technology (Week 76)

Daily subject-wise quiz — Economy (Week 76)

Daily subject-wise quiz – International Relations (Week 76)

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