UPSC Essentials | Daily subject-wise quiz : Science and Technology MCQs on Methanol poisoning, ground station as a service (GSaaS) and more (Week 86)

1. It is the largest of Pluto’s 5 moons.

2. The aforesaid surfaces of this satellite and Pluto ever look each other, a improvement called communal tidal locking.

3. The moon’s orbit astir Pluto takes astir 6.4 Earth days.

4. It rotates backwards, from eastbound to west.

The supra mentioned statements notation to:

(a) Charon

(b) Hydra

(c) Herse

(d) Nix

Explanation

— Charon is the largest of Pluto’s 5 moons. Charon is the largest known outer successful presumption of its genitor planet, measuring fractional the size of Pluto.

— Charon and Pluto’s surfaces are ever facing 1 other, which is known arsenic communal tidal locking.

— Charon orbits Pluto each 6.4 Earth days. Charon is truthful ample successful examination to Pluto that the 2 are sometimes considered a treble dwarf satellite system.

— Charon does not emergence oregon set, but alternatively hovers implicit the aforesaid constituent connected Pluto’s surface, with the aforesaid broadside ever facing Pluto. It rotates backwards, from eastbound to west.

— Charon was recovered successful June 1978 by James Christy and Robert Harrington astatine the United States Naval Observatory successful Flagstaff, Arizona, astir six miles from the Lowell Observatory, which discovered Pluto.

Therefore, enactment (a) is the close answer.

(Other Source: science.nasa.gov)

QUESTION 2

Consider the following:

1. Satellite control

2. Telemetry and tracking

3. Space information reception

4. Space situational awareness

How galore of the supra are considered crushed presumption arsenic a work (GSaaS)?

(a) Only one

(b) Only two

(c) Only three

(d) All four

Explanation

— According to a consultation papers published by the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe), the nationalist bureau liable for regulating and selling the backstage abstraction industry, it is exploring opportunities for backstage operators to participate crushed segments.

— Ground stations are fundamentally ground-based antennas that assistance successful communicating with the satellites.

— According to the document, the crushed presumption arsenic a work (GSaaS) sector, which provides pay-per-use services specified arsenic satellite control, telemetry and tracking, abstraction information reception, and abstraction situational awareness, is expected to emergence 30% by 2033, from $0.14 cardinal to $2.5 billion.

— This is accordant with the government’s nonsubjective of expanding India’s information successful the planetary commercialized abstraction marketplace from 2% to 8% by 2033.

Therefore, enactment (d) is the close answer.

QUESTION 3

Methanol poisoning tin pb to:

1. Metabolic Acidosis

2. Partial oregon implicit blindness

3. Central Nervous System Depression

Select the close reply utilizing the codes fixed below:

(a) 2 only

(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 1, 2 and 3

(d) 1 only

Explanation

— A series of deaths successful Laos linked to poisoned intoxicant has sparked planetary outrage and rekindled fears astir methanol poisoning from alcoholic beverages. The Associated Press reported that six tourists died successful Laos arsenic a effect of suspected methanol intoxication.

— Methanol poisoning is simply a unsafe and perchance fatal unwellness that occurs erstwhile methanol—a signifier of intoxicant commonly employed successful concern applications—is consumed, breathed, oregon absorbed done the skin.

— While methanol is comparatively harmless successful its axenic form, its toxic consequences manifest erstwhile the assemblage converts it into damaging chemicals specified arsenic formaldehyde and formic acid. These metabolites tin origin chaos successful the tense system, optic nerves, and different important organs.

— Methanol poisoning occurs erstwhile counterfeit oregon illicit alcohol, which often contains methanol, is consumed alternatively of ethanol, the benignant of intoxicant recovered successful beverages.

— Methanol poisoning tin beryllium lethal if not handled. Toxic byproducts origin issues specified as:

(i) Metabolic Acidosis: A hazardous alteration successful humor pH levels.

(ii) Optic Nerve Damage: Can pb to partial oregon afloat blindness.

(iii) Central Nervous System Depression: Can effect successful confusion, coma, oregon death.

— The severity of these consequences is determined by the magnitude of methanol consumed and the timing of aesculapian intervention.

Therefore, enactment (c) is the close answer.

QUESTION 4

With notation to the BharatGen, see the pursuing statements:

1. The inaugural is aligned to marque AI accessible to each citizens.

2. BharatGen volition cater lone to substance and does not enactment speech.

3. This inaugural focuses connected processing processes for collecting and curating India-centric data, ensuring the country’s divers languages.

Which of the statements fixed supra is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 3 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1 and 3 only

Explanation

— BharatGen is simply a pioneering generative AI effort that aims to alteration nationalist work transportation and summation national engagement by establishing a acceptable of basal models successful language, speech, and machine vision. Hence, connection 3 is correct.

— “BharatGen is simply a shining illustration of India’s committedness to processing indigenous technologies. It places India arsenic a planetary person successful the tract of Generative AI, akin to our achievements with UPI and different inventions that person altered galore sectors’, stated Dr. Jitendra Singh astatine the inauguration.

— BharatGen volition supply generative AI models and applications arsenic a nationalist utility, focussing connected India’s socio-cultural and linguistic diversity. It aims to code India’s greater concerns, specified arsenic societal fairness, taste preservation, and linguistic variety, portion besides guaranteeing that generative AI reaches each sectors of society.

— BharatGen is committed to making AI disposable to each citizens, employing it not lone for concern and commercialized goals, but besides to conscionable nationalist concerns specified arsenic taste preservation and inclusive technological growth. Hence, connection 1 is correct.

— BharatGen will enactment some substance and speech, ensuring sum of India’s unsocial linguistic environment. Hence, connection 2 is not correct.

— BharatGen connects with Atmanirbhar Bharat’s extremity by processing foundational AI models exclusively for India. By processing AI technologies successful India, BharatGen minimises dependency connected overseas exertion portion strengthening the home AI ecosystem for startups, enterprises, and authorities agencies.

Therefore, enactment (d) is the close answer.

(Source: dst.gov.in)

QUESTION 5

With notation to the LVM3, see the pursuing statements:

1. It is simply a two-stage conveyance with 1 coagulated strap-on centrifugal and 1 liquid halfway stage.

2. It is simply a dense assistance motorboat conveyance of ISRO for achieving a 4000 kg spacecraft launching capableness to GTO (Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit) cost-effectively.

Which of the statements fixed supra is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

— ISRO’s caller telephone to backstage enterprises to physique India’s heaviest rocket is simply a long-awaited determination towards expanding backstage assemblage information successful the country’s abstraction effort. It would besides assistance India get a foothold successful the planetary abstraction sector, which is rapidly expanding owed to rising request for outer launches.

— LVM3 has 3 stages: 2 coagulated strap-on motors (S200), 1 liquid halfway signifier (L110), and a high-thrust cryogenic precocious signifier (C25). Hence, connection 1 is not correct.

— The S200 coagulated centrifugal is 1 of the world’s largest coagulated boosters, containing 204 tonnes of coagulated propellant. The liquid L110 signifier employs a dual liquid motor configuration with 115 tonnes of liquid propellant, and the C25 Cryogenic precocious signifier employs the wholly indigenous precocious thrust cryogenic motor (CE20) with a substance loading of 28 tonnes.

— LVM3 is ISRO’s latest heavy-lift motorboat vehicle, designed to nonstop 4000 kg spacecraft to GTO (Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit) successful a cost-effective manner. Hence, connection 2 is correct.

Therefore, enactment (b) is the close answer.

(Other Source: http://www.isro.gov.in)

Previous Daily Subject-Wise-Quiz

Daily Subject-wise quiz — History, Culture, and Social Issues (Week 86)

Daily subject-wise quiz — Polity and Governance (Week 86)

Daily subject-wise quiz —  Science and Technology (Week 85)

Daily subject-wise quiz — Environment and Geography (Week 85)

Daily subject-wise quiz — Economy (Week 85)

Daily subject-wise quiz – International Relations (Week 85)

Subscribe to our UPSC newsletter and enactment updated with the quality cues from the past week.