Explained: Key facts about AMU, from student body composition to position in NIRF rankings

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A seven-judge Constitution Bench led by Chief Justice of India DY Chandrachud overruled an earlier Supreme Court decision, which held that Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) was not a number institution, connected Friday (November 8).

Though a abstracted seat volition determine whether AMU is simply a number institution, the 4-3 bulk verdict laid down a trial for determining whether an acquisition instauration tin assertion number presumption nether Article 30(1) of the Constitution. A cardinal contented present is that nether Article 15(5), introduced successful the Constitution successful 2006, number acquisition institutions are exempt from reserving seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.

During the hearings successful the lawsuit earlier this year, the university’s constitution and administration, and the creation of its pupil assemblage were brought up. Here is what to know.

First, what is Aligarh Muslim University (AMU)?

AMU was established done the Aligarh Muslim University Act of 1920. It had its roots successful the mid-1800s, opening with the efforts of educationist and reformer Sir Syed Ahmed Khan. At its inception, AMU was an effort to make a “Muslim” university.

Today, it is among the best-known cardinal universities successful India. Admissions to undergraduate courses astatine AMU are done the Common University Entrance Test (CUET), on with National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) for admissions to aesculapian courses.

It besides follows a argumentation of 50% interior preservation for students who survey successful its associated schools oregon colleges. According to AMU’s yearly report, it runs 10 schools which service arsenic “feeder institutions” of the university.

Where AMU stands successful NIRF rankings

In the government’s National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) rankings, AMU has remained successful the apical 20 successful the universities category. It stood astatine fertile 8 successful 2024 — its champion show since the rankings were instituted successful 2016. In wide rankings arsenic well, AMU’s champion ranking was successful 2024 astatine fig 16.

In the QS World University Rankings 2025, AMU was successful the 1001-1200 rank. In comparison, Delhi University was astatine a fertile of 328, portion Jamia Millia Islamia stood astatine a fertile of 851-900.

Universities ranking:

Year	Ranking
2024	9
2023	9
2022	11
2021	20
2020	17
2019	11
2018	10
2017	11
2016	10

Overall ranking:

Year	Ranking
2024	16
2023	19
2022	19
2021	18
2020	31
2019	18
2018	17
2017	19

How overmuch backing does AMU person from the Centre?

Financial year	Funds allocated and released (in Rs. cr)
2016-17	894.7
2017-18	1106.02
2018-19	1109.69
2019-20	1180
2020-21	1520.11
2021-22	1214.63
2022-23 (till June 2022)	302.32

(Data from 2 responses successful the Lok Sabha successful 2022)

What is the pupil assemblage creation of AMU?

Shadan Farasat, counsel for 1 of the appellants, submitted during the Supreme Court proceeding successful January that 50% preservation was fixed to Muslims successful postgraduate aesculapian courses successful 2005. This quota was challenged successful the Allahabad High Court, which overturned it.

The counsel said that portion the remainder of the pupil assemblage is 70-80% Muslim, successful the Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College (AMU’s aesculapian college) this fig is person to the halfway mark. Given that it was a nonrecreational people and a “very sought aft college”, the thought was to “protect” that stock to 50. “Otherwise, preservation is not adjacent needed due to the fact that 70% to 80% of the pupil assemblage is anyways, Muslim,” helium added.

Further, helium said the full fig of students contiguous successful the assemblage is 23,675. Out of that, determination are 18,700 (77.39%) Muslim students. Muslims comprise 81% of the full women students and 79% of the full men.

“The power connected the administrative broadside is substantial. It’s catering to the Muslim assemblage successful substance. It besides takes everybody other successful alignment with the secular ethos of the Constitution without aggressively discriminating against it,” the counsel said.

According to AMU’s yearly study (2022-23):

*Total fig of students connected the main field (Aligarh) and off-campuses (in Malappuram, Kerala; Murshidabad, West Bengal; Kishanganj, Bihar): 23,248

*Number of assemblage teachers: 1,235

*13 faculties: Agricultural Sciences; Arts; Commerce; International Studies; Law; Life Sciences; Medicine; Management Studies & Research; Social Sciences (with the highest fig of students – 2,880); Science (second highest fig of students – 2,734); Engineering & Technology (third highest fig of students 2,641); Theology; Unani Medicine

*Total overseas students: 212 (highest fig of 67 students from Yemen, followed by 39 from Bangladesh)

AMU administration’s composition

Written submissions made connected behalf of AMU successful the Supreme Court noted that “Muslims person had de facto administrative power implicit AMU since its founding 104 years ago.”

It noted that each of AMU’s 12 Chancellors since 1920 person been Muslim. The archetypal chancellor of the University was Sultan Jahan Begum, the ruler of Bhopal, who served arsenic Chancellor from 1920 to 1930.

The submission added that 34 retired of 37 Vice Chancellors of the University person been Muslim, with the 3 non-Muslims being acting Vice Chancellors. The University present has its 38th Vice Chancellor and archetypal pistillate Vice Chancellor successful Naima Khatoon, appointed earlier this year.

The submission besides noted that each members of the First Court (the ultimate governing assemblage of the university) of the AMU were Muslim, each members of the archetypal Executive Council were Muslim, and 8 retired of 12 members of the archetypal Academic Council were Muslim.

It added that “the immense bulk of the members of the court, the enforcement assembly and world assembly passim the years person been Muslim” and that “Muslims had de jure administrative power implicit AMU nether the 1920 Act. This is evident from the dominance of Muslims successful the authorities and officers of the University.”

While the AMU Act of 1920 said that lone Muslims could beryllium members of the court, this proviso was removed successful 1951.

Question of preservation successful AMU

In effect to a question successful the Lok Sabha connected reservations astatine AMU, the Centre said successful 2022 that “the substance of implementation of preservation successful the assignment of module and admittance to assorted courses is sub-judice” earlier the Supreme Court, and the tribunal had directed successful 2006 that presumption quo is to beryllium maintained successful the matter.

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