UPSC Key | East Asia Summit, Hurricane Milton, Nobel Peace Prize, and more

Govt & Politics

Should absorption connected development, not expansionism, says Modi

Syllabus:

Preliminary Examination: Current events of nationalist and planetary importance

Main Examination: GS-II: India and its neighbourhood- relations; and Bilateral, determination and planetary groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.

What’s the ongoing story– Calling for the restoration of bid and stableness successful Eurasia and West Asia astatine the earliest, PM Narendra Modi Friday noted that the astir negatively affected countries owed to ongoing conflicts successful assorted parts of the satellite are those from the Global South. Delivering his remarks astatine the 19th East Asia Summit successful Laos connected Friday, Modi reiterated that solutions to problems cannot travel from the battlefield.

Key Points to Ponder-

— Read astir the East Asia Summit, ASEAN, and QUAD

— Which nations represent the Global South?

— What is India’s East Asia Policy?

— What is the purpose and nonsubjective of the UNCLOS (United Nations Convention connected the Law of the Sea)?

— Map Work: Countries surrounding the South China Sea

For Your Information-

— In a veiled notation to China whose assertiveness successful the South China Sea has triggered geopolitical tensions, Modi said, “Our attack should absorption connected improvement and not expansionism…”

— “We judge that maritime activities should beryllium conducted successful accordance with UNCLOS (United Nations Convention connected the Law of the Sea). Ensuring state of navigation and airspace is essential…”

— Also mentioning that coercion poses “a superior situation to planetary bid and security”, Modi said that successful bid “to combat it, forces that judge successful humanity indispensable travel unneurotic and enactment successful tandem”.

— Modi besides said India has consistently supported the unity and centrality of ASEAN. “ASEAN is besides pivotal to India’s Indo-Pacific imaginativeness and Quad cooperation, helium said.

Do You Know-

— ASEAN is cardinal to India’s ‘Act East’ policy, which focuses connected the extended neighbourhood successful the Asia-Pacific region. It was formulated arsenic the adjacent measurement to the ‘Look East’ Policy which originated successful the 1990s.

— In 2010, a Free Trade Agreement was besides signed and entered into unit betwixt India and ASEAN. While India was portion of negotiations to articulation the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) successful 2020, it yet decided not to bash so.

— The East Asia Summit (EAS) process was initiated successful 2005 with 16 participating countries, namely the ASEAN Member States, Australia, China, India, Japan, New Zealand, and the Republic of Korea. The United States and the Russian Federation joined aboriginal on.

Other Important Articles Covering the aforesaid topic:

📍Explained: All astir ASEAN and East Asia Summits, to beryllium attended by PM Modi

Previous twelvemonth UPSC Prelims Question Covering akin theme:

📍Consider the pursuing countries: (2018)

1. Australia

2. Canada

3. China

4. India

5. Japan

6. USA

Which of the supra are among the ‘free-trade partners’ of ASEAN?

(a) 1, 2, 4 and 5

(b) 3, 4, 5 and 6

(c) 1, 3, 4 and 5

(d) 2, 3, 4 and 6

Previous twelvemonth UPSC Mains Question Covering akin theme:

Evaluate the economical and strategical dimensions of India’s Look East Policy successful the discourse of the station Cold War planetary scenario. (UPSC CSE 2016)

EXPLAINED

Milton was an antithetic hurricane, but not unexpected. Here’s why

Syllabus:

Preliminary Examination: Indian and World Geography – Physical, Social, Economic geography of India and the World.

Mains Examination: GS-I, III: Important Geophysical phenomena specified arsenic earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclones, etc., and Conservation, biology contamination and degradation, biology interaction assessment.

What’s the ongoing story– Hurricane Milton, which made landfall adjacent the metropolis of Siesta Key successful Florida connected Wednesday night, triggered aggravated rainfall, flooding, tornadoes, tempest surge, and beardown winds successful the area.

Key Points to Ponder-

— What are Hurricanes?

— How are hurricanes formed?

— What is the quality betwixt Hurricanes, cyclones and typhoons?

— How is clime alteration impacting the predominant occurrence of hurricanes?

— Map Work: Countries surrounding the Atlantic Ocean, Location of the Gulf of Mexico and Straits of Florida.

For Your Information-

— Milton occurred during the highest of the Atlantic hurricane play (mid-August to mid-October). Yet, scientists person said the tempest is antithetic successful galore ways — from however rapidly the tempest intensified to the way it followed — though not surprising.

— Milton exploded from a Category 1 tempest (they bring winds of 119 to 153 kmph) to a fierce Category 5 tempest (they person winds of 252 kmph oregon higher) implicit the people of 12 hours betwixt October 6 and October 7 morning.

— A tempest is said to acquisition accelerated intensification if its maximum sustained winds spike by astir 56 kmph, according to a study by The New Yorker. Extreme accelerated intensification takes spot erstwhile upwind speeds summation by 93 kmph. Milton’s maximum sustained winds spiked by much than 145 kmph successful a day, the study said.

Path of Hurricane Milton

— It was besides uncommon that Milton formed successful the Gulf of Mexico, which is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by the Straits of Florida, past began to determination eastward, and made landfall connected the Western seashore of Florida.

— The astir important origin down Milton’s intensification were the remarkably precocious sea-surface temperatures successful the occidental Gulf of Mexico.

— Heat stored successful oceans is simply a cardinal constituent successful the accelerated oregon utmost accelerated intensification of hurricanes. “Put simply, hotter h2o evaporates much readily, and rising columns of warm, moist aerial from that evaporation substance accelerated intensification,” according to a Vox report.

— Scientists accidental that the Gulf of Mexico’s unprecedented temperatures are chiefly owed to clime change. As the satellite continues to emit greenhouse gases, much vigor is getting trapped successful the atmosphere, a important magnitude of which is absorbed by oceans.

— Global mean oversea aboveground somesthesia has gone up by adjacent to 0.9 grade Celsius since 1850, and astir 0.6 grade Celsius implicit the past 4 decades.

— Another crushed for Milton’s terrible strength was the precocious humidity of the atmosphere. The ambiance tin clasp 7% much moisture for each degree-Celsius summation successful temperature.

— In caller years, accelerated intensification of storms has go much common… Although much probe is required to found the interaction of clime alteration connected hurricanes, scientists judge that the spike successful accelerated intensification is simply a effect of rising planetary temperatures.

Do You Know:

— Climate alteration is impacting the frequence of dense downpours during storms and abrupt outbursts done its power connected analyzable atmospheric and upwind patterns.

— Globally, astatine a 1.5C somesthesia rise, which the satellite is progressively adjacent to hitting, dense precipitation that would person been a erstwhile successful a 10-year rainfall lawsuit volition hap 1.5 times each decennary and beryllium implicit 10% wetter, according to the UN’s International Panel connected Climate Change (IPCC).

— Last year, Europe was astir 7% rainier than normal, with astir of the continent experiencing wetter-than-average conditions. Heavy oregon record-breaking precipitation triggered floods successful Italy, Norway, Sweden and Slovenia.

Other Important Articles Covering the aforesaid topic:

📍How is clime alteration impacting flooding astir the world?

📍Climate alteration is causing much frequent, aggravated cyclones connected India’s occidental coast

Previous twelvemonth UPSC Mains Question Covering akin theme:

📍Consider the pursuing sentences: (UPSC CSE 2020)

1. Jet streams hap successful the Northern Hemisphere only.

2. Only immoderate cyclones make an eye.

3. The somesthesia wrong the oculus of a cyclone is astir 10°C lesser than that of the surroundings.

Which of the statements fixed supra is/are correct?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 2 only

(d) 1 and 3 only

Previous twelvemonth UPSC Prelims Question Covering akin theme:

📍The Intergovernmental Panel connected Climate Change (IPCC) has predicted a planetary oversea level emergence of astir 1 metre by AD 2100. What would beryllium its interaction successful India and the different countries successful the Indian Ocean region? (UPSC CSE 2023)

📍‘Climate Change’ is simply a planetary problem. How India volition beryllium affected by clime change? How Himalayan and coastal states of India volition beryllium affected by clime change? (UPSC CSE 2017)

Nobel for N-bomb survivors

Syllabus:

Preliminary Examination: Current events of nationalist and planetary importance

Main Examination: GS-II, III: Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate, Science and Technology

What’s the ongoing story– For its “efforts to execute a satellite escaped of atomic weapons”, the 2024 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Japanese organisation Nihon Hidankyo connected Friday (October 11). The members of Nihon Hidankyo are survivors of the atom bombings successful Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the United States successful 1945.

Key Points to Ponder-

— What is atomic disarmament?

— Why did the USA driblet an atomic weaponry connected Japan?

— What was ‘fat man’ and ‘little boy’?

— What are the planetary initiatives taken for the disarmament of Nuclear weapons?

— What is India’s basal connected atomic disarmament?

— What is the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)?

For Your Information-

— The Nobel Committee emphasised connected Hibakusha’s testimonies which person raised “awareness astir the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of utilizing atomic weapons”, and “contributed greatly to the constitution of the atomic taboo”.

— Scientists had agelong theorised that the forces that held unneurotic the nucleus of an atom could marque up a precise destructive bomb. With World War II, probe connected the taxable picked up, not lone successful the US, which yet built the archetypal atomic bomb, but besides successful the UK, Germany, USSR, and Japan.

— On August 6, the US dropped a weaponry named “Little Boy” connected Hiroshima. The demolition was unimaginable. Then, connected August 9, earlier the standard of the demolition could adjacent beryllium comprehended, the US dropped “Fat Man” connected Nagasaki, sidesplitting astatine slightest 40,000 radical instantly, and tens of thousands much successful the days and weeks to come.

— The United States’ determination to driblet the bombs has since been criticised from some strategical and ethical perspectives, fixed its immense quality cost. But the bombings everlastingly changed the world, arsenic large powers went connected a contention to make their ain atomic weapons arsenic a deterrent to the American one. In response, a planetary question for atomic disarmament emerged.

— Founded connected August 10, 1956, Nihon Hidankyo describes itself arsenic “the lone nation-wide organisation of A-bomb survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.” Its main objectives are the payment of the Hibakusha, the elimination of atomic weapons and owed compensation to the victims.

— The enactment of organisations specified arsenic Nihon Hidankyo person helped found the atomic taboo, which has ensured that atomic weapons person not been utilized since 1945. One of the reasons down the Nobel Committee’s determination this twelvemonth is that this taboo is present “under pressure”.

— Not lone person caller countries sought their ain atomic weapons, improved weapons person been developed arsenic well. Even countries specified arsenic the US and Russia, whose progressive stockpiles are overmuch smaller contiguous than before, person thousands of bombs.

— This year’s recipients are the latest successful a database of Nobel awardees who person worked for disarmament. At slightest 10 Nobel Peace Prizes person been awarded for the origin since 1901.

— This year’s recipients are the latest successful a database of Nobel awardees who person worked for disarmament. At slightest 10 Nobel Peace Prizes person been awarded for the origin since 1901.

— Former Japanese Prime Minister Eisaku Sato was 1 of the 2 prize winners successful 1974, credited with Japan sticking to its argumentation of not acquiring atomic weapons.

— Most recently, the 2017 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN).

— Recognition fixed to the disarmament question apt stems from the antheral down the prize — Alfred Nobel. The Swedish idiosyncratic made a luck with the invention of dynamite and galore different patents. In his will, helium asked that his wealth beryllium utilized to grant excellence successful the sciences, lit and peace.

Do You Know:

— Nihon Hidankyo preserves testimonies and memories of the survivors (called “Hibakusha”) of the lone 2 atomic limb attacks successful quality past astatine Hiroshima and Nagasaki. In addition, the Japan-based radical has been a accordant and vocal advocator for atomic disarmament and a prohibition connected atomic weapons.

— There is, of course, a discourse to the Prize. And successful the existent infinitesimal — with astatine slightest 2 devastating wars underway, the suffering of radical connected screens 24/7 — determination are important questions to beryllium asked astir the motivation powerfulness of “witnessing” and “remembering” successful ending wide violence.

Other Important Articles Covering the aforesaid topic:

📍India, Japan sermon developments successful areas of disarmament, non-proliferation

📍Express View connected Peace Prize: A Nobel acquisition successful a clip of war

Previous twelvemonth UPSC Mains Question Covering akin theme:

📍With increasing vigor needs should India support connected expanding its atomic vigor programme? Discuss the facts and fears associated with atomic energy. (UPSC CSE 2018)

Previous twelvemonth UPSC Prelims Question Covering akin theme:

📍Consider the pursuing countries: (UPSC CSE 2015)

1. China

2. France

3. India

4. Israel

5. Pakistan

Which among the supra are Nuclear Weapons States arsenic recognized by the Treaty connected the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known arsenic Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1, 3, 4 and 5 only
(c) 2, 4 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

Who are THE UN peacekeepers astatine Lebanon’s borderline with Israel?

Syllabus:

Preliminary Examination: Current events of nationalist and planetary importance

Main Examination: GS-II: Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate

What’s the ongoing story– India connected Friday said it was “concerned” astatine the “deteriorating” information concern successful parts of West Asia aft 2 members of a United Nations peacekeeping ngo operating on Lebanon’s borderline with Israel were injured.

Key Points to Ponder-

— What is the UN Peacekeeping Force?

— Why has the UN kept a peacekeeping unit successful Lebanon?

— What is the relation of the UN Security Council?

— What is the publication of India to the UN peacekeeping force?

— Map Work: Blue Line

For Your Information-

— The UN has kept the peacekeeping force, known arsenic UNIFIL, successful confederate Lebanon since 1978. Its ngo is mostly observational, though its mandate was expanded successful 2006 astatine the extremity of the past warfare betwixt Israel and Hezbollah.

— The United Nations Interim Peacekeeping Force successful Lebanon is an planetary assemblage of much than 10,000 civilian and subject unit from 50 countries assigned to forestall violations on the borderline betwixt Lebanon and Israel. That 121-km agelong is often called the Blue Line.

— The radical is charged by the UN with keeping retired of the country immoderate weapons oregon fighters. But implicit the past decade, the United States and Israel person argued that the peacekeepers person been mostly ineffective astatine preventing Hezbollah from stockpiling and firing rockets from the territory they patrol.

— UNIFIL is expected to forestall violations successful the borderline portion and study breaches to the UN Security Council.

— During its penetration into confederate Lebanon past week, the Israeli subject established caller positions adjacent 1 of the UNIFIL bases, according to UN officials.

— A UN spokesperson said the Israeli subject had been firing astatine Hezbollah positions from those locations, putting the peacekeepers progressively astatine risk.

— Although attacks connected UN unit interruption planetary law, Hezbollah has for a twelvemonth launched rockets into bluish Israel from adjacent to UN positions successful confederate Lebanon. That complicates the rules of engagement.

Do You Know-

— The 120-km Blue Line is simply a UN-recognised demarcation enactment to bespeak that Israel had withdrawn its subject from confederate Lebanon. It separates Lebanon from Israel and the Golan Heights, but it is not an authoritative planetary border.

Other Important Articles Covering the aforesaid topic:

📍India: Concerned implicit deteriorating concern successful W Asia, monitoring closely

Previous twelvemonth UPSC Prelims Question Covering akin theme:

📍With notation to the United Nations General Assembly, see the pursuing statements: (UPSC CSE 2022)

1. The UN General Assembly tin assistance perceiver presumption successful the non-member States.

2. Inter-governmental organizations tin question perceiver presumption successful the UN General Assembly.

3. Permanent Observes successful the UN General The assembly tin support missions astatine the UN headquarters.

Which of the statements fixed supra are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

EDITORIAL

The Growth Drivers

Syllabus:

Preliminary Examination: Economic and Social Development – Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc

Main Examination: GS-II, III: Government policies and interventions for improvement successful assorted sectors and issues arising retired of their plan and implementation; and Issues related to nonstop and indirect workplace subsidies and minimum enactment prices; Public Distribution System- objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and nutrient security; Technology missions; economics of animal-rearing.

What’s the ongoing story– India’s yearly agriculture maturation averaged 3.7 per cent during the 10 years that ended 2023-24 nether the Narendra Modi government. This was amended than the 3.5 per cent during the 10 years of the United Progressive Alliance dispensation, which, successful turn, was higher than the 2.9 per cent mean of the preceding 2 decades.

Key Points to Ponder-

— What is the publication of the livestock and fisheries assemblage to the GDP?

— What is the Minimum Support Price (MSP)?

— What are the arguments successful favour and against the ineligible MSP?

— What are the challenges for regular tract crops successful India?

— What indispensable reforms request to beryllium taken successful the agriculture sector?

For Your Information-

— This maturation pick-up, much truthful successful the past decennary arsenic per a caller insubstantial by NITI Aayog subordinate Ramesh Chand and Jaspal Singh, belies the wide cognition of a assemblage steeped successful crisis.

— Much of the seeming workplace assemblage buoyancy of the caller play has travel from the livestock and fisheries subsectors. These registered an mean year-on-year output maturation of 5.8 per cent and 9.1 per cent respectively during 2014-15 to 2022-23.

— However, the crops subsector, which 1 usually associates with agriculture, grew by conscionable 2.3 per cent, little than adjacent the 3.4 per cent during the 10 years ended 2013-14 nether the UPA.

— Moreover, adjacent wrong crops, determination is simply a divergence betwixt horticulture and non-horticulture. Horticulture crops accumulation roseate astatine an mean yearly complaint of 3.9 per cent during 2014-15 to 2022-23. The aforesaid for non-horticulture oregon tract crops was a meagre 1.6 per cent.

— In sum, the alleged agriculture maturation drivers person fundamentally been farming of animals, fish, vegetables and fruit. The “crisis” truly is successful regular tract crops.

—  The benefits of minimum enactment terms (MSP) and different authorities involution measures are directed mostly to tract crops, particularly atom and wheat. In contrast, the “support” that milk, poultry meat, eggs, food and horticulture crops person is mostly from the market. Their maturation is demand-led, with Indians progressively consuming foods affluent successful proteins, vitamins and minerals.

— Not surprisingly, the states that person posted the highest cultivation maturation successful caller times — whether Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh oregon Maharashtra and Gujarat — are the ones shown to person diversified astir into livestock, aqua and horticulture farming.

— The laggards — the likes of Punjab and Haryana — person much oregon little been cereals- and tract crops-focused. The argumentation acquisition present is that farmers are amended disconnected erstwhile they nutrient what the marketplace wants and they should beryllium enabled to bash so.

—  The mode guardant is to dispense with MSP and crop-specific support. These should beryllium replaced with per-acre transfers assuring farmers of a minimum income that induces them to beryllium much risk-taking and market-oriented. Farmers request entree to credit, security and technology.

Do You Know-

—- Ramesh Chand writes “The strategy of Minimum Support Prices (MSP) has remained nether unit since it was started successful 1965, particularly connected issues related to inclusion of crops, the look oregon ground of MSP, effectual implementation and adjacent its enforcement.”

— “The main reasons for excessive absorption connected MSP are inefficient and poorly competitory markets, the nonaccomplishment of markets to germinate to conscionable the changing requirements of the workplace sector, neglect of non-price factors to rise productivity and harvest income and the nonstop and instant effect of prices connected workplace income.”

— “The large contented arising from the caller MSP conception is that if demand-side factors bash not enactment the caller MSP, the strategy of selling volition illness and farmers volition suffer. According ineligible presumption to MSP, arsenic demanded by immoderate groups of farmers, tin besides beryllium counterproductive arsenic commercialized is not bound to bargain the full surplus astatine ineligible terms if they find it intolerable to merchantability the aforesaid nutrient successful the unfastened marketplace with required concern margins.”

Other Important Articles Covering the aforesaid topic:

📍Has agriculture performed amended nether Modi govt?

📍How to marque MSP work

Previous twelvemonth UPSC Prelims Question Covering akin theme:

📍Consider the pursuing statements: (UPSC CSE 2023)

1. The Government of India provides Minimum Support Price for niger (Guizotia abyssinica) seeds.

2. Niger is cultivated arsenic a Kharif crop.

3. Some tribal radical successful India usage niger effect lipid for cooking.

How galore of the supra statements are correct?

(a) Only one

(b) Only two

(c) All three

(d) None

THE IDEAS PAGE

Dis/Agree

Syllabus:

Preliminary Examination: Current events of nationalist and planetary importance

Main Examination: GS-I: Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.

What’s the ongoing story– Food and religion successful India are linked. Should vegetarianism beryllium imposed connected each citizens due to the fact that of the taboos and restrictions observed by 1 assemblage during festivals?

Key Points to Ponder-

— What is the caller contention astir the prohibition connected nonveg nutrient during Navratri?

— What is the Court’s reflection connected the nutrient ban?

— How mean prohibition is connected to Fundamental Rights?

For Your Information-

It is astir being neighbourly

— Shantanu Gupta writes: Millions of Hindus observe a accelerated during these 9 days, abstaining from tamasic nutrient specified arsenic non-vegetarian items, onion, garlic, and circumstantial pulses. To honour the sentiments of those who fast, definite BJP authorities governments imposed restrictions connected the merchantability of earthy nutrient and non-vegetarian nutrient successful areas adjacent temples.

— But, these days, being delicate to the traditions of the Hindu colonisation evokes arguments astir idiosyncratic prime and curbing freedom.

—  For crores of Hindus, nutrient transcends specified nutrition. The Bhagavad Gita delineates 3 categories of food: Sattvic, rajasic, and tamasic.

— A sattvic diet, characterised by moderation, promotes wellness and tranquillity, avoiding extremes of flavour. In contrast, rajasic foods, which are affluent and stimulating, tin pb to hyperactivity and irritability erstwhile consumed successful excess. All foods produced by harming surviving beings specified arsenic nutrient and food are rajasic oregon tamasic successful nature, and are frankincense discouraged.

— Notably, 8 beatified cities successful India — Rishikesh, Haridwar, Ayodhya, Vrindavan, Pushkar, Mount Abu, Gandhinagar and Palitana — person established year-round bans connected non-vegetarian food, reflecting deep-rooted taste sentiments astir nutrient successful Hindu communities.

— I powerfully consciousness that if those who devour non-vegetarian nutrient respect the feelings of their Hindu brothers and sisters during the 9 days of Navratri, it volition lone heighten our camaraderie arsenic citizens of this large nation.

Food is personal

— M A Kalam writes: Historically, bans connected definite nutrient items, prohibition connected the merchantability of liquor, oregon censorship of alleged “undesirable” people oregon physics worldly has hardly ever shown constructive, encouraging oregon affirmative results.

— It is hard to fathom however the “safety and convenience of devotees volition beryllium prioritised” by the prohibition connected merchantability of nutrient and regularisation connected the availability of liquor. Playing to the gallery, it seems, is not constricted conscionable to the realms of sports.

— What 1 eats and drinks is simply a idiosyncratic choice. People successful a escaped and antiauthoritarian state take what they would similar to, oregon similar to, devour oregon imbibe. There should beryllium nary unit oregon compulsion connected that count.

— Incidentally, contrary to the wide content astir the prevalence of vegetarianism, India is predominantly a meat-eating federation — arsenic per NHFS-5 information an overwhelming 83.2 per cent of men and 71.8 per cent of women are non-vegetarians.

— Most butchers and nutrient sellers successful Uttar Pradesh are Muslims, and a ample fig of those who are engaged successful associated activities are Dalits. Measures that impact the quality of number communities to transportation retired their economical activities for a definite play are unjust.

— Such bans and restrictions are not adjacent successful the arena of motivation policing, arsenic determination is nary cosmopolitan morality benchmark regarding the depletion of nutrient and liquor. At best, specified standards could beryllium lone wrong the restricted realm of idiosyncratic sections oregon communities successful a multicultural society.

Other Important Articles Covering the aforesaid topic:

📍We cannot bid everybody to beryllium a vegetarian, says Supreme Court

Previous twelvemonth UPSC Mains Question Covering akin theme:

📍What makes Indian nine unsocial successful sustaining its culture? Discuss. (UPSC CSE 2019)

Economy

Goyal: ‘Irrational’ EU standards, unfair rules wounded ties

Syllabus:

Preliminary Examination: Economic and Social Development – Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.

Main Examination: GS-III: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilisation, of resources, growth, improvement and employment.

What’s the ongoing story–  India’s commercialized curate said connected Friday the European Union’s “irrational standards” are hurting concern ties and further tariffs connected prime imports would unit India to retaliate, successful his sharpest disapproval of the bloc’s policies amid commercialized pact talks.

Key Points to Ponder-

— Which countries signifier portion of the EU?

— What is Carbon tax?

— What is the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)?

— What are India’s concerns regarding CBAM?

For Your Information-

— Goyal besides slammed the bloc for “unfair rules” specified arsenic a projected EU c borderline taxation known arsenic the c borderline accommodation mechanics (CBAM), adding specified measures disrespect and question to demolish the premise of the 2015 Paris clime agreement.

— The EU past twelvemonth approved the world’s archetypal program to enforce tariffs connected imports of high-carbon goods including steel, cement and aluminium, aiming to scope net-zero greenhouse emissions by 2050. EU officials person been trying to triumph implicit countries similar China, South Africa and India, that are opposed to CBAM.

— The bloc has besides extended safeguard duties connected prime alloy imports, that were acceptable to expire this year, till 2026, impacting Indian shipments.

— In 2022, India and the EU agreed to relaunch talks connected a escaped commercialized agreement, initially aiming to implicit talks by the extremity of 2023, but person failed to marque important advancement connected a deal.

Do You Know:

— The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism is simply a program from the European Union (EU) to taxation carbon-intensive products, specified arsenic robust and steel, cement, fertiliser, aluminium and energy generation, from 2026.

— The EU came up with the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism successful 2021. The European Commission’s website describes it thus, “Designed successful compliance with World Trade Organization (WTO) rules and different planetary obligations of the EU, the CBAM strategy volition enactment arsenic follows-…

— “EU importers volition bargain c certificates corresponding to the c terms that would person been paid, had the goods been produced nether the EU’s c pricing rules. Conversely, erstwhile a non-EU shaper tin amusement that they person already paid a terms for the c utilized successful the accumulation of the imported goods successful a 3rd country, the corresponding outgo tin beryllium afloat deducted for the EU importer.”

Other Important Articles Covering the aforesaid topic:

📍European Union’s c taxation is arbitrary, a obstruction to trade: FM Sitharaman

📍What is c borderline tax, which India opposed astatine COP27

Previous twelvemonth UPSC Prelims Question Covering akin theme:

📍With notation to ‘Global Climate Change Alliance’, which of the pursuing statements is/are correct? (UPSC CSE 2017)

1. It is an inaugural of the European Union.

2. It provides method and fiscal enactment to targeted processing countries to integrate clime alteration into their improvement policies and budgets.

3. It is coordinated by World Resources Institute (WRI) and World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD).

Select the close reply utilizing the codification fixed below:

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 3 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Previous twelvemonth UPSC Mains Question Covering akin theme:

Should the pursuit of c recognition and cleanable improvement mechanics acceptable up nether UNFCCC beryllium maintained adjacent done determination has been a monolithic descent successful the worth of c credit? Discuss with respect to India’s vigor needs for economical growth. (UPSC CSE 2014)

Stay updated with the latest UPSC articles by joining our Telegram transmission – Indian Express UPSC Hub, and travel america connected Instagram and X.