2 hours ago
1
Mains Examination: General Studies- III: Indigenization of exertion and processing caller technology, Security challenges and their management
What’s the ongoing story: In a large boost to its subject prowess, India has successfully flight-tested a long-range hypersonic missile disconnected the seashore of Odisha. This accomplishment has enactment the state successful a prime radical of nations with a limb that tin onslaught with utmost velocity and evade astir aerial defence systems.
Key Points to Ponder:
• What is the past of rocket exertion successful India?
• What is simply a hypersonic missile?
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of hypersonic missiles?
• What benignant of missiles does India have?
• Which of India’s rocket systems are astir important?
• Read astir the Nag, SAM strategy Akash, Astra, Rudram, Agni and Prithvi
• Organisation to look for: DRDO
Key Takeaways:
• The missile, developed by the DRDO, is designed to transportation assorted payloads for ranges greater than 1,500 km, an authoritative readout said.
• This rocket has been indigenously developed by the laboratories of the Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Missile Complex, Hyderabad, on with assorted different DRDO laboratories and in-industry partners. “India has achieved a large milestone by successfully conducting a formation proceedings of a long-range hypersonic rocket from Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Island, off- the seashore of Odisha,” Defence Minister Rajnath Singh said successful a station connected X.
• Generally, hypersonic missiles, susceptible of carrying accepted explosives oregon atomic warheads, tin alert successful the scope of 5 times the velocity of dependable (Mach 5, which is astir 1,220 km/h astatine oversea level).
• At present, Russia and China are up successful processing hypersonic missiles, portion the US is successful the process of processing a scope of specified weapons nether an ambitious program.
Do You Know:
• A cardinal diagnostic of hypersonic missiles is their manoeuvrability, which sets them isolated from ballistic missiles that travel a acceptable people oregon trajectory.
• The 2 types of hypersonic weapons systems are Hypersonic Glide Vehicles (HGV) and Hypersonic Cruise Missiles. The HGVs are launched from a rocket earlier gliding to the intended people portion HCMs are powered by air-breathing high-speed engines oregon ‘scramjets’ aft acquiring their target.
Other Important Articles Covering the aforesaid topic:
Previous twelvemonth UPSC Prelims/Mains Question Covering akin theme:
(1) With notation to Agni-IV Missile, which of the pursuing statements is/are correct? (2014)
1. It is simply a surface-to-surface missile.
2. It is fuelled by liquid propellant only.
3. It tin present one-tonne atomic warheads astir 7500 km away.
Select the close reply utilizing the codification fixed below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Modi successful Nigeria: ‘We springiness precocious priorities to our strategical ties’
Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Current events of nationalist and planetary importance
Mains Examination: General Studies-II: Effect of policies and authorities of developed and processing countries connected India’s interests, Indian diaspora.
What’s the ongoing story: Nigeria connected Sunday conferred its second-highest nationalist award, the Grand Commander of the Order of the Niger, connected Prime Minister Narendra Modi, making him the 2nd overseas dignitary to person the favoritism aft Queen Elizabeth, who was conferred the grant successful 1969.
Key Points to Ponder:
• What is the past of India-Nigeria relations?
• What are the areas of practice betwixt India and Nigeria?
• How is the expanding beingness of China successful Africa presenting a situation for India?
• What is the value of Nigeria for India?
• What are the awards and honors bestowed upon Modi by assorted countries?
• Map work: Location of Nigeria
Key Takeaways:
• The PM is successful Nigeria connected the archetypal limb of his three-nation sojourn astatine the invitation of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu. This sojourn is the archetypal by an Indian PM to Nigeria successful 17 years.
• Modi held talks with President Tinubu connected Sunday, and said that India accords precocious precedence to its strategical concern with Nigeria and it volition enactment towards boosting ties successful a scope of areas, including defence, vigor and trade.
This was the 17th specified planetary grant conferred connected Modi by a country. (Photo: @narendramodi/X)
• He identified terrorism, separatism, piracy and cause trafficking arsenic large challenges and said “the 2 countries person worked unneurotic to woody with them and volition proceed to bash so”.
• Referring to the African Union becoming a imperishable subordinate of the G20 astatine the India-hosted acme past year, Modi described it arsenic a important outcome.
• He besides described the astir 60,000-strong Indian expatriate assemblage arsenic a cardinal pillar of India-Nigeria relations and thanked Tinubu for ensuring their welfare.
• Before the delegation-level talks, Modi and Tinubu held a one-on-one gathering astatine the Presidential Villa. Following the talks, 3 MoUs — connected Cultural Exchange Programme, Customs Cooperation and Survey Cooperation — were signed. The PM besides announced that India is sending 20 tonnes of alleviation supplies for Nigerian radical deed by floods past month.
Do You Know:
• In implicit six decades of adjacent concern betwixt India and Nigeria, India has emerged arsenic a improvement spouse of Nigeria connected 2 fronts. First, by offering developmental assistance done concessional loans ($100 million) and capacity-building grooming programmes.
• Nigeria is the second-largest trading spouse of India successful the Africa region. Bilateral commercialized betwixt India and Nigeria stood astatine $11.8 cardinal successful 2022-23. In the twelvemonth 2023-24, the bilateral commercialized stands astatine $7.89 cardinal showing a declining trend.
• With a full concern of $27 billion, astir 135 Indian companies are actively engaged successful Nigeria’s vibrant market. These investments traverse divers sectors, encompassing infrastructure, manufacturing, user goods, and services.
Other Important Articles Covering the aforesaid topic:
EXPRESS NETWORK
No advancement successful matters captious to processing nations: India astatine COP29
Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: General issues connected Environmental Ecology, Biodiversity and Climate Change – that bash not necessitate taxable specialisation
Mains Examination: General Studies-III: Conservation, biology contamination and degradation, biology interaction assessment.
What’s the ongoing story: At COP29 successful Baku, India has expressed vexation with developed countries for not earnestly discussing however to enactment clime enactment successful processing nations, saying it is intolerable to tackle clime alteration without fiscal and technological help.
Key Points to Ponder:
• Read astir the Paris Agreement and Conference of Parties (CoP).
• What is the clime concern statement betwixt processing and developed nations?
• How is ‘climate finance’ the request of the hr for tackling clime change?
• What are immoderate of the criticisms of COP?
• What measures person been taken by the authorities of India to tackle the situation of clime change?
• What should beryllium the mode guardant for resolving the clime concern statement betwixt processing and developed nations?
Key Takeaways:
• At the Mitigation Work Programme (MWP) Saturday, India said that developed countries person historically contributed the astir to greenhouse state emissions. India said developed countries had “continuously shifted goals, delayed clime action, and consumed a highly disproportionate stock of the planetary c budget.”.
• “We person seen nary advancement successful matters that are captious for processing countries (during the past week). Our portion of the satellite is facing immoderate of the worst impacts of clime change, with acold little capableness to retrieve from those impacts oregon to accommodate to the changes to the climatic strategy for which we are not responsible,” India’s lawman pb negotiator, Neelesh Sah, said.
• The MWP was created 2 years agone astatine COP27 successful Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, to assistance enactment mitigation. The processing countries said that the MWP was meant to assistance nations stock solutions for cutting emissions and not to unit immoderate state to instrumentality circumstantial actions. However, the developed nations privation the MWP to propulsion for contiguous enactment from each countries.
• Sah said if determination are nary means of implementation – fiscal support, technology, and capacity-building-developing and low-income economies cannot accommodate to the effects of green- location state emissions.
• In 2009, developed countries promised to supply $100 cardinal each twelvemonth by 2020 to enactment clime enactment successful processing countries, but this extremity was lone met successful 2022. Of the wealth provided, astir 70 percent came arsenic loans, expanding the fiscal load connected low-income countries. The processing economies reason that the fiscal enactment should travel from developed countries’ authorities backing and not from the backstage sector, which is not accountable to the UN clime process.
• The imaginable withdrawal of the US and Argentina from the Paris Agreement has importantly affected the morale of negotiators astatine COP29. However, countries similar China, the UK and Brazil person taken a beardown enactment role.
Do You Know:
• Countries successful Baku are trying to negociate an statement — New Cumulative Quantitative Goal oregon NCQG connected clime concern — that volition mobilise astatine slightest 1 trillion USD each twelvemonth for clime enactment astir the world. While determination is simply a wide acknowledgement that this overmuch wealth is needed, everything other astir the mobilisation of the magnitude is uncertain close now.
• Developing countries privation a bulk of this wealth to beryllium publicly-funded, grant-based oregon concessional, and directed wholly towards their needs. Developed countries person been soundless connected however overmuch wealth they themselves are consenting to commit, oregon connected the proportionality of the full request that should travel from publicly-funded sources.
Other Important Articles Covering the aforesaid topic:
📍Countries statesman from scratch connected concern talks
Previous twelvemonth UPSC Prelims Question Covering akin theme:
(2) With notation to ‘Global Climate Change Alliance’, which of the pursuing statements is/are correct? (UPSC CSE 2017)
1. It is an inaugural of the European Union.
2. It provides method and fiscal enactment to targeted processing countries to integrate clime alteration into their improvement policies and budgets.
3. It is coordinated by World Resources Institute (WRI) and World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD).
Select the close reply utilizing the codification fixed below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Previous twelvemonth UPSC Mains Question Covering akin theme:
Describe the large outcomes of the 26th league of the Conference of Parties (COP) to the United Nations Framework Convention connected clime alteration (UNFCCC). What are the commitments made by India successful this conference? (UPSC CSE 2021)
THE EDITORIAL PAGE
Democracy by force
Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Indian Polity and Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues
Mains Examination: General Studies II: Government policies and interventions for improvement successful assorted sectors and issues arising retired of their plan and implementation
What’s the ongoing story: Suhas Palshikar writes– “ Our expectations from and knowing of antiauthoritarian governance person deed specified stone bottommost that the latest Supreme Court (SC) ruling connected “bulldozer justice” appears to beryllium a large achievement. While it is so a much-needed nudge, the substance request not person gone to the SC successful the archetypal place.”
Key Points to Ponder:
• What bash you recognize by the bulldozer justice?
• What is the Right to Property?
• What are the law provisions related to the Right to property?
• What are the important SC rulings connected the close to property?
• What is the close to shelter?
• What are the principles of earthy justice?
• How does ‘bulldozer justice’ interruption the separation of powerfulness and nationalist trust?
Key Takeaways:
• “Assuming that this ruling of the SC volition beryllium broadly respected, the larger malaise volition inactive remain, due to the fact that the bulldozer is simply a grounds of what is incorrect with our democracy. The Court has yet taken enactment of the carnal bulldozer and has attempted to restrict its amerciable use.”
• These conceptual and ideological bulldozers dwell of a statism that believes successful prioritising the expected interests of the authorities implicit those of citizens. Toward this end, not simply the enforcement but the legislature excessively is rather proactive and the judiciary has either been a soundless spectator oregon a consenting participant. Ironically, the draconian powers of the authorities are often legitimised done a supposedly antiauthoritarian acceptable of arguments.
• “Three arguments contaminate our knowing of democracy. First, the thought that ideology is lone astir the majority. Two, determination is often a manufactured hankering aft a “strong leader” successful the sanction of a beardown government. Three, an predetermination is understood arsenic giving a mandate alternatively than a constricted authorisation.These represent the existent bulldozer.”
• “Each 1 of these principles does person a nuanced transportation with ideology and yet, erstwhile they are taken successful isolation and caricatured astatine the outgo of everything other they go the ideological apparatus for justifying bulldozers and encounters — existent and conceptual.”
• “Contemporary India witnesses this transgression overmuch more…Democracy is simply a delicate and hard equilibrium among foundational norms, procedural restraints and fashionable wishes. Such an thought of ideology becomes a hindrance to megalomaniac projects of reshaping norms, undermining procedures and hijacking fashionable sentiments. Therefore, projects to redefine ideology emerge.”
Do You Know:
• The Supreme Court precocious held that demolishing the properties of citizens without pursuing owed process for the sole crushed that they whitethorn beryllium progressive successful immoderate transgression is contrary to the regularisation of instrumentality and directed that officials indulging successful specified “high-handed actions” beryllium made accountable. The tribunal besides issued definite directions that person to beryllium complied with earlier properties are demolished.
• A seat of Justices B R Gavai and K V Viswanathan ruled that “the enforcement cannot go a justice and determine that a idiosyncratic accused is blameworthy and, therefore, punish him by demolishing his residential/commercial property/properties. Such an enactment of the enforcement would beryllium transgressing its limits”.
• The seat added that “if the enforcement acts arsenic a justice and inflicts punishment of demolition connected the national connected the crushed that helium is an accused, it violates the rule of separation of powers”.
• The Supreme Court said, “Right to structure is 1 of the facets of Article 21. Depriving specified guiltless radical of their close to beingness by removing structure from their hands, their heads successful our considered presumption would beryllium wholly unconstitutional…”.
Other Important Articles Covering the aforesaid topic:
📍Explained: SC connected ‘bulldozer justice’
📍SC slams bulldozer action, database demolition rules, warns official
Previous twelvemonth UPSC Prelims Question Covering akin theme:
(3) What is the presumption of the Right to Property successful India? (UPSC CSE 2021)
(a) Legal close disposable to citizens only
(b) Legal close disposable to immoderate person
(c) Fundamental Right disposable to citizens only
(d) Neither Fundamental Right nor ineligible right
EXPLAINED
Why CO2 has contributed the astir to planetary warming
Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: General issues connected Environmental Ecology, Biodiversity and Climate Change – that bash not necessitate taxable specialisation
Mains Examination: General Studies-III: Conservation, biology contamination and degradation, biology interaction assessment.
What’s the ongoing story: India’s c dioxide (CO2) emissions from burning fossil fuels are expected to summation by 4.6% successful 2024, the highest among large economies, according to a caller study by Global Carbon Project, an organisation that quantifies the world’s greenhouse state (GHG) emissions.
Key Points to Ponder:
• What are greenhouse gases GHGs?
• How GHGs lend to planetary warming?
• Why is c dioxide (CO2) considered the superior operator of anthropogenic clime change?
• What are the sources of CO2 emissions?
• What measures person been taken to power the CO2 emissions?
• Read astir the- Carbon markets, Carbon seizure and retention (CCS), Carbon capture, utilisation and retention (CCUS), Carbon-neutrality
Key Takeaways:
• Globally, fossil-based CO2 emissions are acceptable to interaction a grounds precocious of 37.4 cardinal tonnes this year, a emergence of 0.8% from 2023, the study said. At this rate, determination is “a 50% accidental planetary warming volition transcend 1.5 grade Celsius consistently successful astir six years”.
• CO2 is 1 of the astir important GHGs successful the ambiance and is the superior operator of anthropogenic clime change.
• Studies person shown that CO2 has contributed much than immoderate operator to clime change. In fact, CO2 is liable for astir 70% of planetary warming, according to an investigation by Facts connected Climate Change, a Czech Republic-based autarkic deliberation tank.
• There are 2 reasons for this. One, CO2 is overmuch much abundant successful the ambiance compared to CH4 and HFCs. Since the onset of concern times successful the 18th century, quality activities person raised atmospheric CO2 by 50%, which means the magnitude of CO2 is present 150% of its worth successful 1750 (see chart), according to a study successful the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
• Two, CO2 remains successful the ambiance longer than the different large GHGs emitted owed to quality activities. It takes astir a decennary for CH4 emissions to permission the ambiance (it converts into CO2) and astir a period for nitrous oxide (N2O).
• Notably, h2o vapour is the astir abundant GHG successful the atmosphere. However, it has a abbreviated rhythm (10 days connected average) and does not physique up successful the ambiance successful the aforesaid mode arsenic CO2 does. Therefore, h2o vapour does not person overmuch heating effect compared to CO2. But arsenic planetary temperatures proceed to soar, much h2o evaporates into the atmosphere, causing much warming.
Do You Know:
• GHGs are those gases successful the Earth’s ambiance that trap heat. The Sun emits shortwave radiation oregon sunlight that passes done the ambiance and is absorbed by the planet’s aboveground to lukewarm it. However, immoderate of this sunlight is reflected backmost by the aboveground arsenic infrared radiation (heat) which has a longer wavelength.
• GHGs specified arsenic CO2 and methane (CH4), which cannot sorb shortwave radiation, trap infrared radiation. That is due to the fact that dissimilar oxygen oregon nitrogen molecules, CO2 and methane are made up of 3 oregon much atoms, which gives them a larger assortment of ways to agelong and crook and twist.
• The contented is not the beingness of GHGs but their attraction levels, meaning their magnitude successful the atmosphere. For astir a 1000 years earlier the Industrial Revolution, the GHG attraction remained comparatively constant. Since then, determination has been a changeless emergence successful the magnitude of immoderate of the GHGs, particularly CO2, owed to quality activities similar burning fossil fuels. As a result, much vigor is getting trapped successful the atmosphere, starring to a emergence successful planetary temperatures.
Other Important Articles Covering the aforesaid topic:
Previous twelvemonth UPSC Prelims Question Covering akin theme:
(4) Consider the following: (UPSC CSE 2019)
1. Carbon monoxide
2. Methane
3. Ozone
4. Sulphur dioxide
Which of the supra are released into ambiance owed to the burning of crop/biomass residue?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Previous twelvemonth UPSC Mains Question Covering akin theme:
Should the pursuit of c credits and cleanable improvement mechanisms acceptable up nether UNFCCC beryllium maintained adjacent though determination has been a monolithic descent successful the worth of a c credit? Discuss with respect to India’s vigor needs for economical growth. (UPSC CSE 2014)
AFSPA successful Imphal Valley
Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Current events of nationalist value and Indian Polity
Mains Examination: General Studies-III: Role of outer authorities and non-state actors successful creating challenges to interior security; Security challenges and their absorption successful borderline areas – linkages of organized transgression with terrorism
What’s the ongoing story: The Centre connected Thursday (November 14) reimposed the Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA) successful six constabulary presumption areas of Manipur. The Home Ministry’s notification mentioned the “volatile” concern and “active information of insurgent groups successful heinous acts of violence” arsenic the reasons.
Key Points to Ponder:
• What is the past of taste struggle successful Manipur?
• Read astir the AFSPA.
• What are the arguments successful favour and against AFSPA?
• What are the main tribes of Manipur?
• Why is determination unrest successful Manipur?
• What are the important recommendations connected AFSPA?
Key Takeaways:
• Most of these constabulary presumption areas are successful the Imphal Valley, from wherever AFSPA had been afloat withdrawn past year, citing “significant betterment successful the information situation”. On Saturday, the Manipur authorities wrote to the Centre asking for a reappraisal and withdrawal of its decision.
• AFSPA, which traces its roots to a assemblage statute introduced successful effect to the Quit India Movement successful 1942, was retained successful autarkic India. The instrumentality was archetypal brought arsenic an ordinance, and past notified arsenic an Act successful 1958.
• Over the years, AFSPA has been imposed successful the Northeast, Jammu and Kashmir, and Punjab (during the years of militancy). It remains successful unit successful parts of Nagaland, Assam, Manipur and Arunachal Pradesh, and the entirety of J&K.
• AFSPA gives sweeping powers to the equipped forces by providing subject unit broad immunity for a scope of actions. It allows the subject to unfastened occurrence — and adjacent origin decease — against immoderate idiosyncratic breaking the instrumentality oregon carrying arms and ammunition. It besides gives them the powerfulness to apprehension individuals and hunt premises without warrants connected the ground of “reasonable suspicion”.
• There tin beryllium nary ineligible proceedings against equipped forces unit for these actions without anterior support from the Centre. AFSPA tin beryllium imposed by the Centre oregon the Governor of a state, connected the full authorities oregon parts of it, aft these areas are declared “disturbed’’ nether Section 3 of the Act.
• While the AFSPA volition so assistance greater state to the Army to usage force, overmuch volition beryllium connected the governmental volition of the authorities to enactment — and to woody with the fallouts of beardown action. Unlike successful astir struggle areas, the equipped forces successful Manipur are presently not lone warring militant groups but besides a civilian nine that is equipped to the teeth, acknowledgment successful nary tiny measurement to weapons looted from constabulary armouries.
• The authorities volition beryllium wary of the past of AFSPA successful the Northeast, wherever alleged excesses by the equipped forces (like successful the aboriginal years of the Naga insurgency) lone ended up strengthening insurgent movements. The ongoing taste unit has already provided a 2nd upwind to Meitei militant groups specified arsenic the PLA and the UNLF, which had been pushed retired of the authorities successful the past decade.
Do You Know:
• Notably, portion the AFSPA gives powers to the cardinal authorities to unilaterally instrumentality the determination to enforce AFSPA, this is usually done informally successful consonance with the authorities government. The Centre takes its determination aft having received a proposal from the authorities government.
Other Important Articles Covering the aforesaid topic:
Previous twelvemonth UPSC Mains Question Covering akin theme:
Human rights activists perpetually item the information that the Armed forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 (AFSPA) is simply a draconian enactment starring to cases of quality rights abuses by information forces. What sections of AFSPA are opposed by the activists? Critically measure the request with notation to the presumption held by the Apex Court. (UPSC CSE 2015)
Why the accomplishment of a Pakistani cargo vessel successful Bangladesh is simply a large deal
Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Current events of nationalist and planetary importance
Mains Examination: General Studies-II: India and its neighbourhood- relations.
What’s the ongoing story: A cargo vessel from Karachi docked astatine Chattogram (formerly Chittagong) larboard connected Wednesday (November 13), marking the first-ever nonstop maritime interaction betwixt Pakistan and Bangladesh.
Key Points to Ponder:
• What is the past of the Liberation of Bangladesh and what relation did India play successful it?
• What is the past of India-Pakistan relations?
• What are the areas of practice betwixt India and Bangladesh?
• What are the emerging challenges successful India and Bangladesh ties?
• What is the value of Bangladesh for India?
• What is the imaginable interaction of the authorities alteration successful Bangladesh connected India?
• Map work: Location of Bangladesh and Indian states sharing boundaries with Bangladesh.
Key Takeaways:
• Described by the Pakistan High Commission successful Dhaka arsenic “a large measurement successful bilateral trade”, the improvement could awesome a important displacement successful the historically tenuous narration betwixt the 2 countries. This shift, however, has been connected the cards ever since the ouster of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina successful August this year.
• The shadiness of 1971 has agelong loomed ample implicit the bilateral narration betwixt Bangladesh and Pakistan.
• During the nine-month agelong Mukti Juddho (Liberation War) successful 1971, the Pakistani subject and its collaborators committed innumerable atrocities, the memories of which are profoundly imprinted successful Bangladesh’s nationalist psyche. Some 3 cardinal radical were killed, thousands were tortured and raped, and millions fled their homes to flight Pakistani brutality.
• Pakistan has ne'er apologised oregon expressed regret for its crimes — to the detriment of the bilateral narration betwixt Dhaka and Islamabad.
• Bilateral relationships person been peculiarly sour nether definite governments successful Dhaka, astir notably, nether Sheikh Hasina, cardinal to whose governmental docket was seeking justness for atrocities perpetrated during the Liberation War.
Do You Know:
• Bangladesh Chief Adviser Muhammad Yunus said connected Sunday that the interim authorities volition question the extradition of deposed premier curate Sheikh Hasina, who fled to India aft the autumn of her authorities pursuing a wide protestation question successful August.
Other Important Articles Covering the aforesaid topic:
Previous twelvemonth UPSC Prelims Question Covering akin theme:
(5) With notation to stream Teesta, see the pursuing statements: (UPSC CSE 2017)
1. The root of stream Teesta is the aforesaid arsenic that of Brahmaputra but it flows done Sikkim.
2. River Rangeet originates successful Sikkim and it is simply a tributary of stream Teesta.
3. River Teesta flows into Bay of Bengal connected the borderline of India and Bangladesh.
Which of the statements fixed supra is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Previous twelvemonth UPSC Mains Question Covering akin theme:
The protests successful Shahbag Square successful Dhaka successful Bangladesh uncover a cardinal divided successful nine betwixt the nationalists and Islamic forces. What is its value for India? (UPSC CSE 2013)
THE IDEAS PAGE
Reaching retired with AI
Syllabus:
Preliminary Examination: Current events of nationalist value and science
Mains Examination: General Studies-III: Awareness successful the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-technology and issues relating to intelligence spot rights.
What’s the ongoing story: Rajeev Chandrasekhar writes– “We are surviving successful the property of AI. Most conversations astir AI thin to get hyperbolic and giddy with excitement astir the possibilities it represents. Much of this excitement is justified.”
Key Points to Ponder:
• What is artificial quality (AI)?
• What are the areas of AI application?
• What are the benefits of AI?
• What are the challenges associated with the AI?
• Read astir the India artificial quality (AI) mission.
• Is determination immoderate ineligible model for AI regularisation globally and nationally?
Key Takeaways:
• “AI is galore things. At its core, the committedness is that it has the powerfulness to present much with less. It is an enabler of the coming question of innovation. It could pb to machines and platforms with human-like quality if we execute the beatified grail of AGI (artificial wide intelligence) and accelerate advancement successful respective usage cases from healthcare to security.”
• “There are 3 trends that are driving this.
First, the gait of digitalisation is rapidly accelerating. Currently 90-crore Indians are connected to the Internet and by 2026 that fig volition interaction 120 crore, making India the largest connected and digitalised state successful the world.
Second, arsenic much and much Indians link to and usage the net and the integer ecosystem, each is consuming and generating immense volumes of data. This is besides making India 1 of the largest information repositories successful the world. DPIs and digitalisation person made governments large repositories of idiosyncratic and non-personal data.
Third, successful the post-Covid world, governments astir the satellite are looking for ways to bash much with their resources. There is simply a contention to go efficient. Becoming businesslike is becoming a governmental extremity for galore governments including successful the US wherever Elon Musk is being asked by President-elect Donald Trump to absorption connected it.”
• “The archetypal signifier of integer authorities addressed the dysfunctionalities and transformed India. With the intersection of DPI and AI, the authorities tin go much businesslike and guarantee that the aforesaid resources tin beryllium utilized to marque an interaction crossed a broader spectrum of society.”
• “India is the existent Chair of GPAI (Global Partnership of AI) and has led the determination to guarantee trusted partnerships play a pb relation successful shaping the aboriginal of Tech and AI. The country’s occurrence successful utilizing GovAI successful reimagining governance volition guarantee that AI is not the sphere of a fewer companies oregon countries, but is much inclusive and accessible by each countries.”
Do You Know:
• Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the quality of machines, particularly computers, to execute tasks that typically necessitate quality intelligence. These tasks see things similar knowing language, recognising patterns, solving problems, and making decisions.
• AI tin beryllium classified into 2 types: Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI) besides known arsenic anemic AI and Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) besides referred to arsenic beardown AI.
• ANI is designed for circumstantial tasks and excels wrong a constrictive domain. Examples see virtual assistants similar Siri, proposal systems connected platforms similar Netflix, and representation designation software. ANI systems are highly specialised and cannot transportation their expertise to unrelated tasks.
• AGI aims to replicate quality cognitive abilities, enabling it to execute immoderate intelligence task a quality tin do. AGI would person wide reasoning skills, recognize context, and accommodate to caller situations crossed assorted domains. It would beryllium susceptible of autonomous learning and problem-solving without requiring task-specific programming.
Other Important Articles Covering the aforesaid topic:
📍What is Artificial Intelligence, however is it revolutionising healthcare
Previous twelvemonth UPSC Prelims Question Covering akin theme:
(6) With the contiguous authorities of development, Artificial Intelligence tin efficaciously bash which of the following? (UPSC CSE 2020)
1. Bring down energy depletion successful concern units
2. Create meaningful abbreviated stories and songs
3. Disease diagnosis
4. Text-to-Speech Conversion
5. Wireless transmission of electrical energy
Select the close reply utilizing the codification fixed below:
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 5 only
(b) 1, 3 and 4 only
(c) 2, 4 and 5 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Previous twelvemonth UPSC Mains Question Covering akin theme:
Introduce the conception of Artificial Intelligence (AI). How does Al assistance objective diagnosis? Do you comprehend immoderate menace to privateness of the idiosyncratic successful the usage of Al successful healthcare? (UPSC CSE 2023)
For your queries and suggestions constitute at roshni.yadav@indianexpress.com
The Indian Express UPSC Essentials brings to you the November contented of its monthly magazine. Click Here to read. Share your views and suggestions successful the remark container oregon astatine manas.srivastava@indianexpress.com
Subscribe to our UPSC newsletter. Stay updated with the latest UPSC articles by joining our Telegram transmission – IndianExpress UPSC Hub, and travel america on Instagram and X
.png "indianexpress.")
.png "khaleejtimes")
.png "arabnews")
.png "gulfnews"){kind=logo}
English (US) · 
Hindi (IN) ·