UPSC Essentials | Daily subject-wise quiz : History, Culture and Social Issues MCQs on ‘Charter of Slavery’, Jamdani, Sambal and more (Week 86)

(a) 1919 Government of India Act 

(b) Official Secrets Act, 1923

(c) 1934 Government of India Act 

(d) The Foreigners Act 1946

Explanation

— The large landmark infinitesimal successful the process of making the Indian Constitution was the 1934 Government of India Act enacted by the British Parliament. The Act is considered to person been the longest portion of authorities enacted by the British Parliament astatine the time. Some of its astir important features included the instauration of a federation of India with a cardinal enforcement and Parliament connected apical and the provinces and princely states beneath it, abstracted electorates for Muslims and Sikhs, and captious exigency powers to beryllium enjoyed by the Governor.

— The Act was heavy criticised by the Congress and the Muslim League. While Nehru called it a ‘Charter of Slavery’, Mohammad Ali Jinnah thought it to beryllium “thoroughly rotten, fundamentally atrocious and wholly unacceptable.” It is lone successful 1942 that the British authorities conceded to the petition of Indians to framework their ain Constitution done a Constituent Assembly.

Therefore, (c) is the close answer.

Question 2

Consider the pursuing pairs of Indus sites and the archaeologists. Which of the pairs fixed beneath are not correctly matched?

Select the close code:

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 1 and 3 only

(c) 2 and 3 only

(d) 2 only

Explanation

The close matches are:

—Dholavira: Jagat Pati Joshi

—Harappa : Daya Ram Sahni

—Mohenjodaro : Rakhal Das Banerji 

—Lothal: S.R. Rao

Hence, (c) is the close answer.

Question 3

‘Jamdani’ and ‘Ajarakh’ notation to:

(a) Indian desserts with GI tags

(b) Traditional room utensils

(c) Medieval sports of India

(d) None of the above

Explanation

— Jamdani, a centuries-old handwoven textile from the Bengal region—now Bangladesh and West Bengal, India—has heavy humanities roots. Dr Sadhna, subordinate prof of manner design, School Arts and Design astatine Woxsen University, said that portion the word appears successful lit from the 3rd period BC successful Kautilya’s Arthashastra and during the Gupta play (4th–6th period AD), it was nether Mughal regularisation (16th–18th centuries) that Dhaka’s weavers gained royal patronage.

— Evolving from renowned Bengal muslin, jamdani is traditionally crafted from cotton, and is celebrated for its fine, airy texture and elegance. The sanction “jamdani” derives from the Persian words jam (flower) and dani (vase), describing its floral designs. In 2013, UNESCO recognized Jamdani weaving arsenic an Intangible Cultural Heritage, underscoring its taste and humanities significance. 

— Deep successful the bosom of India’s Kutch region, a contented of block printing a textile — ajrakh — celebrated for its intricate patterns and heavy indigo hue has been passed down done generations for centuries.

— “Ajrakh is much than conscionable a fabric; it is simply a taste symbol, profoundly entangled with the lives of the Kutch region,” according to Professor John Varghese from the School of Fashion astatine the World University of Design, Sonipat.

— Whether ajrakh originated successful the Egyptian oregon Indus Valley Civilisation is inactive being debated. But Gujarat-printed ajrakh was excavated from Al-Fostat, adjacent aged Cairo successful Egypt, and was showcased astatine the ‘India and the World’ grounds astatine Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya, Mumbai, from November 11, 2017, to February 18, 2018. The priest-king of Mohenjodaro is besides depicted wearing what is believed to beryllium an aboriginal signifier of ajrakh, explained J Usha Rani, subordinate prof of manner and textiles astatine Pearl Academy, Bengaluru.

Therefore, (d) is the close answer.

Question 4

With notation to the History of India, see the pursuing statements.

1. After the decease of Emperor Aurangzeb and the diminution of the Mughal Empire, the Maratha Confederacy expanded rapidly, posing a menace to Ahmad Shah Durrani’s Afghan Empire. 

2. The smaller but unified Ahmad Shah service decisively overwhelmed the Marathas successful the 3rd conflict of Panipath owed to the technological and tactical superiority of Afghans, combined with interior rivalries wrong the Maratha ranks.

Which of the supra fixed statements is/are true?

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Explanation

Marathas, Ahamd Shah Durrani, and the conflict for control

— After the decease of Emperor Aurangzeb and the diminution of the Mughal Empire, the Maratha Confederacy expanded rapidly, posing a menace to Ahmad Shah Durrani’s (also known arsenic Ahmad Shah Abdali) Afghan Empire. To antagonistic this, Ahmad Shah launched a campaign, capturing ample parts of Punjab and aiming to starve the Maratha forces. In response, the Marathas assembled a ample service nether Sadashivrao Bhau, who managed to reclaim Delhi.

— Ahmad Shah sought to trap the Maratha forces successful Punjab, cutting disconnected their supplies portion moving troops southward. Surrounded by the force and starving, Sadashivrao Bhau attempted to interruption the siege, starring to a confrontation astatine Panipat successful 1761. In portion II of his book, Medieval India, historiographer Satish Chandra observes that “the Bhau would not person been capable to prevail implicit the Abdali, saddled arsenic helium was with dense artillery and womenfolk.” He contends that portion the Maratha soldiers chiefly relied connected lances and swords, the Afghan forces held a important vantage with skilled musketeers equipped with quick-loading flintlock guns and mounted connected “swift, well-trained horses.” This technological and tactical superiority, combined with interior rivalries wrong the Maratha ranks, yet weakened their forces. The smaller but unified Ahmad Shah service decisively overwhelmed the Marathas.

Third Battle of Panipat, 1761 (Source: Wikimedia Commons)

— The 3rd conflict of Panipat connected January 14, 1761, devastated the Maratha army, ended their ambition to win the Mughals, and plunged northwestern India into decades of instability. “The eventual beneficiaries were not the Maratha sardars and erstwhile Mughal nobles who stood for regionalism, but the English who brought successful centralism of a new-kind, the assemblage type,” notes Chandra.

Therefore, (c) is the close answer.

Question 5

‘Sambal’ and ‘Samarthya’ are 2 sub schemes of which of the pursuing Government missions:

(a) Mission Yuva

(b) Mission Saksham Anganwadi

(c) Mission Shakti

(d) POSHAN Abhiyaan 

Explanation

According to missionshakti.wcd.gov.in,

Mission Shakti has 2 sub-schemes – ‘Sambal’ and ‘Samarthya’. In the Sambal subscheme, which is for information and information of women, the existing strategy of One Stop Centre (OSC), Women Helpline (WHL), Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) person been included with modifications and a caller constituent of Nari Adalat – women corporate has been added.

Therefore, (c) is the close answer.

Previous Daily Subject-Wise-Quiz

Daily Subject-wise quiz — History, Culture, and Social Issues (Week 85)

Daily subject-wise quiz — Polity and Governance (Week 85)

Daily subject-wise quiz —  Science and Technology (Week 85)

Daily subject-wise quiz — Environment and Geography (Week 85)

Daily subject-wise quiz — Economy (Week 85)

Daily subject-wise quiz – International Relations (Week 84)

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